Awareness and Perception of Hospitalized Patients on Thromboembolism and Thromboprophylaxis: A Cross-Sectional Study in Sana’a-Yemen

Abstract

Patients' awareness toward VTE and thromboprophylaxis is critical for medication adherence. This study aimed to evaluate the patient's awareness and perception towards VTE and its prophylaxis and to assess patient's satisfaction towards the information given by the medical staff. Participants and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among hospitalized patients who received VTE prophylaxis in public and private hospitals in Sana'a, Yemen. Besides sociodemographic variables, participants' awareness and perception of VTE and its prophylaxis were evaluated. Variables' association with VTE awareness were analyzed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression using SPSS. Results: A total of 396 of the hospitalized patients agreed to participate in the study, with 31% (n = 121) have ever heard about VTE. The multivariable logistic regression findings revealed that the participants who did not have a profession had OR = 17.182 (P < 0.001) of being unaware of VTE compared with those who had one. Participants who did not have a personal history of VTE had OR = 7.580 (P < 0.001) of being unaware of DVT/PE compared with the participants who had a personal history of VTE. Male participants had OR = 2.839 (P < 0.005) of being unaware of DVT/PE compared with female participants. Participants who were illiterate had OR = 2.832 (P < 0.022) of being unaware of DVT/PE compared with participants with a higher level of education. Conclusion:The study revealed lack of awareness and perception of VTE and its prophylaxis among hospitalized patients in Yemen. The patients who are unaware of the disease have wrong perception about their role in DVT prophylaxis. Patient's education must be considered in healthcare setting to improve patient's health outcomes.

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding antibiotic use and resistance among health science and non-health science university students in Thailand

“…Based on the findings of our study, academic curricula in Thailand can influence the KAP regarding antibiotic use and resistance among university students, as has been reported in China [33], Bangladesh [30], Colombia [15] and Yemen [31]. The correlation between classroom education and KAP levels in this study may highlight the importance of course curricula as a critical source for delivering knowledge about antibiotic use and resistance to both HS and NHS students.…”

“…In our study, the students reported rational antibiotic use, including always taking antibiotics as prescribed by a doctor (71.00% of the HS students vs. 47.10% of the NHS students). Previous studies in Bangladesh and Nepal found that up to 90% of students had taken antibiotics as prescribed by their doctor [30,32], while 66.40% of the students in Yemen had used antibiotics without a prescription [31].…”

“…In Bangladesh, introducing a short course on the risks and development of antibiotic resistance has been suggested to increase students' awareness of how to avoid the resistance phenomenon [30]. In the United States, health education about antimicrobial stewardship has been recommended to increase knowledge, perceptions, health behaviors, and social norms on antibiotic use [28], while a study in Yemen revealed the need to increase students' awareness of proper antibiotic use through adequate educational programs [31]. In Columbia, there is a need to strengthen the curriculum of MSs on antibiotics, the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, and the prudent use of antibiotics as an important strategy to combat problem-resistant public health issues [40].…”

“…A study of public health students from 18 Chinese universities revealed a positive association between attitudes and knowledge and knowledge and practices regarding antibiotic use and resistance [25]. Studies conducted in various parts of the world have revealed that inappropriate antibiotic use among university students is caused by self-medication and a lack of knowledge about antibiotic use [7,15,17,19,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. Furthermore, a comparative study found that the levels of KAP pertaining to antibiotic use and resistance were significantly higher among health-related major students than non-healthrelated major students [17,30,[32][33][34].…”