AVR-INJECT: A tool for injecting faults in Wireless Sensor Nodes

Cinque, Marcello; Cotroneo, Domenico; Martino, Catello Di; Russo, Stefano; Testa, A.

doi:10.1109/ipdps.2009.5160907

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…We claim that an Isolation event cannot occur in a sensor (in lines [16][17][18][19][20][21] if at least one of its neighbor sensors is alive and reachable and is connected with the sensor. Moreover, if a sensor is not reachable, due to a previous isolation, or not alive, it cannot receive another Isolation event again.…”

Section: General Correctness Specificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Formal Methodology to Design and Deploy Dependable Wireless Sensor Networks

Augusto

Cinque

Coronato³

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are being increasingly adopted in critical applications, where verifying the correct operation of sensor nodes is a major concern. Undesired events may undermine the mission of the WSNs. Hence, their effects need to be properly assessed before deployment, to obtain a good level of expected performance; and during the operation, in order to avoid dangerous unexpected results. In this paper, we propose a methodology that aims at assessing and improving the dependability level of WSNs by means of an event-based formal verification technique. The methodology includes a process to guide designers towards the realization of a dependable WSN and a tool ("ADVISES") to simplify its adoption. The tool is applicable to homogeneous WSNs with static routing topologies. It allows the automatic generation of formal specifications used to check correctness properties and evaluate dependability metrics at design time and at runtime for WSNs where an acceptable percentage of faults can be defined. During the runtime, we can check the behavior of the WSN accordingly to the results obtained at design time and we can detect sudden and unexpected failures, in order to trigger recovery procedures. The effectiveness of the methodology is shown in the context of two case studies, as proof-of-concept, aiming to illustrate how the tool is helpful to drive design choices and to check the correctness properties of the WSN at runtime. Although the method scales up to very large WSNs, the applicability of the methodology may be compromised by the state space explosion of the reasoning model, which must be faced by partitioning large topologies into sub-topologies.

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Section: General Correctness Specificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Formal Methodology to Design and Deploy Dependable Wireless Sensor Networks

Augusto

Cinque

Coronato³

et al. 2016

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…This fact is typically avoided by main current evaluation platforms given the added difficulty to recreate the presence of faults in systems in a controllable and repeatable way. Despite that fault injection has been widely explored in the dependability domain through frameworks such as NFTAPE [26], XCEPTION [27], or FIAT [28], its application to ad hoc networks is limited to just two frameworks: MINT [19] and AVR-INJECT [29]. Nevertheless, whereas the former just exploits the impact of packet dropping, the latter only focuses on the injection of bitflips within nodes' processor, thus obviating all potential faults affecting the interaction between nodes at the communication layer, such as those listed in Table 1.…”

Section: Recreation Of Threatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

REFRAHN: A Resilience Evaluation Framework for Ad Hoc Routing Protocols

et al. 2015

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Routing protocols are key elements for ad hoc networks. They are in charge of establishing routes between network nodes efficiently. Despite the interest shown by the scientific community and industry in converting the first specifications of ad hoc routing protocols in functional prototypes, aspects such as the resilience of these protocols remain generally unaddressed in practice. Tackling this issue becomes critical given the increasingly variety of accidental and malicious faults (attacks) that may impact the behavior exhibited by ad hoc routing protocols. The main objective of this paper is to deepen the methodological aspects concerning fault injection in routing protocols. As a result, we will design and implement a framework based on the injection of accidental and malicious faults to quantitatively evaluate their impact on routing protocols. This framework, called REFRAHN (Resilience Evaluation FRamework for Ad Hoc Networks), can be used to (i) reduce the uncertainty about the sources of perturbations in the deployment of ad hoc routing protocols, (ii) design fault tolerance mechanisms that address and minimize such problems, and (iii) compare and select which is the routing protocol that optimizes the performance and robustness of the network.

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“…Recently, as reported in [9], transient faults have occurred with a probability of approximately 0.1% in a large scale deployment and such transient faults severely impact on the efficiency of the protocols. Also, there exists a tool that is designed specifically for wireless sensors to emulate memory faults to check the reactions of software to these faults [46].…”

Section: Faultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Efficient Stabilizing Code Dissemination in Wireless Sensor Networks

Saginbekov

Jhumka

2013

The Computer Journal

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One important component of network reprogramming is code dissemination, when the updated program code is distributed to the relevant nodes. Very few code dissemination protocols tolerate transient faults that corrupt the state and these faults can cause the old code to disseminate in the network. We propose two protocols called BestEffort-Repair and Consistent-Repair that transform faultintolerant code dissemination protocols into non-masking fault-tolerant protocols where, eventually, all nodes obtain the new code. We conduct experiments with both protocols on TelosB-like motes and over TOSSIM simulations to show their correctness and also their performance. We conduct a case study whereby both protocols are added to a state-of-the-art code dissemination protocol, viz. Varuna to evaluate their impact on Varuna. Our results show that (i) Varuna, which is fault-intolerant, is transformed into a stabilizing code dissemination protocol (ii) they induce low overhead on Varuna, and causes all nodes to eventually receive the new code. BestEffort-Repair is biased towards fast recovery whereas Consistent-Repair attempts to reduce the number of erroneous downloads in the network. Our main contribution is the first corrector protocols that correct code dissemination in the presence of transient faults.

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AVR-INJECT: A tool for injecting faults in Wireless Sensor Nodes

Cited by 25 publications

References 15 publications

A Formal Methodology to Design and Deploy Dependable Wireless Sensor Networks

A Formal Methodology to Design and Deploy Dependable Wireless Sensor Networks

REFRAHN: A Resilience Evaluation Framework for Ad Hoc Routing Protocols

Towards Efficient Stabilizing Code Dissemination in Wireless Sensor Networks

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