Avoidance of egg parasitism through submerged oviposition by tandem pairs in the water strider, <i>Aquarius paludum insularis </i>(Heteroptera: Gerridae)

Amano, Hideki; Hayashi, Kooji; Kasuya, Eiiti

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2311.2008.00988.x

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Habitat-specific environmental conditions can affect the transmission of parasites through host populations (Amano et al 2008;Cáceres et al 2006;Halmetoja et al 2000;Lafferty and Kuris 2005;Morley 2007). We did not measure environmental parameters at either location, but the degree of variation in parasite prevalences and intensities found between BL and TCR populations (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of gregarine parasitism in dragonflies: host, habitat, and seasonality

Locklin

Vodopich

2010

Parasitol Res

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Gregarines are ubiquitous protozoan parasites that infect arthropods worldwide. More than 1,600 gregarine species have been described, but only a small percentage of invertebrates have been surveyed for these apicomplexan parasites. Adult dragonfly populations were surveyed for gregarines at two reservoirs in Texas, USA for 2 years. Gregarine prevalence and intensity were compared intraspecifically between host genders and reservoirs, among wing loads, and through time. Of the 29 dragonfly species collected, 41% hosted gregarines. Nine of these dragonfly species were previously undocumented as hosts. Among the commonly collected hosts, prevalence ranged from 18 to 52%. Parasites were aggregated among hosts and had a median intensity of five parasites per host. Gregarines were found only in hosts exceeding a minimum wing load, indicating that gregarines are likely not transferred from the naiad to adult during emergence. Prevalence and intensity increased during both years, suggesting that gregarine oocyst viability parallels increasing host population densities and may be short-lived. Prevalence and intensity also differed between dragonfly populations at two reservoirs. Regression analyses revealed that host species, host gender, month, and year were significant explanatory variables related to gregarine prevalence and intensity. Abundant information on odonate distributions, diversity, and mating activities makes dragonfly-gregarine systems excellent avenues for ecological, evolutionary, and parasitological research. Our results emphasize the importance of considering season, hosts, and habitat when studying gregarine-dragonfly ecology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of gregarine parasitism in dragonflies: host, habitat, and seasonality

Locklin

Vodopich

2010

Parasitol Res

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“…1995). Although the mean parasitism rate detected is not high, our data suggest that egg parasitoids might be a significant selective factor in the studied locality, and might affect oviposition substrate selection and behavior of egg‐laying females of odonates, as has been shown for the water strider Aquarius paludum insularis (Heteroptera: Gerridae), which avoids a high rate of egg parasitism through submerged oviposition on deeper substrates (Amano et al . 2008).…”

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confidence: 56%

Incidence of Anagrus obscurus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) egg parasitism on Calopteryx haemorrhoidalis and Platycnemis pennipes (Odonata: Calopterygidae: Platycnemididae) in Italy

Santolamazza

Baquero

Cordero‐Rivera

2011

Entomological Science

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Very little is known about the incidence of egg parasitoids in odonates, perhaps because Odonata eggs are well protected in stems or leaves, sometimes below water. In Central Italy (Pontecorvo, Frosinone province) two damselflies, Calopteryx haemorrhoidalis and Platycnemis pennipes occur at high densities. In August 2007 we collected 30 stems of the aquatic plant Potamogeton sp. used as substrate for oviposition and incubated eggs in the laboratory. Most stems (24 for C. haemorrhoidalis and 23 for P. pennipes) contained odonata eggs. Parasitoids emerged from 12 stems, with a mean parasitism of 2% for C. haemorrhoidalis and 6% for P. pennipes, and a maximum of 14% and 50%, respectively. Furthermore, we observed egg-laying of 19 females of C. haemorrhoidalis and 11 of P. pennipes, and marked the stems where oviposition was observed. Clutches remained in the river for 5 days and were then collected and incubated. Parasitoids emerged from 11 stems out of 30, with an average parasitism of 8% for C. haemorrhoidalis and 3% for P. pennipes (maximum of 50% and 29%, respectively). All parasitoids belonged to the family Mymaridae, and were identified as Anagrus (Anagrus) obscurus Förster, 1861, sensu Soyka, 1955. This is the first time that such species is described as an egg parasitoid of odonates, and that an egg parasitoid of C. haemorrhoidalis and P. pennipes is identified. Our data suggest that egg parasitism might be a significant selective factor for both odonates in the studied locality, affecting female oviposition behaviour.

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“…Prey eggs and juveniles are generally vulnerable to predators and, because loss of offspring reduces parents’ inclusive fitness (Hamilton, ), parental attention to avoiding offspring predation is particularly important. Females can reduce offspring predation by ovipositing in relatively protected microhabitats within patches (e.g., Amano et al., ; Gall et al., ; Lucas & Brodeur, ). We demonstrated that precautionary micro‐oviposition shifts (i.e., oviposition site shift within patches) of spider mites in predator‐free patches, based on previously experienced predation risks, could decrease predator patch exploitation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Within‐patch oviposition site shifts by spider mites in response to prior predation risks decrease predator patch exploitation

Otsuki

Yano

2017

Ethology

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In egg‐laying animals with no post‐oviposition parental care, between‐ or within‐patch oviposition site selection can determine offspring survival. However, despite the accumulation of evidence supporting the substantial impact predators have on oviposition site selection, few studies have examined whether oviposition site shift within patches (“micro‐oviposition shift”) reduces predation risk to offspring. The benefits of prey micro‐oviposition shift are underestimated in environments where predators cannot disperse from prey patches. In this study, we examined micro‐oviposition shift by the herbivorous mite Tetranychus kanzawai in response to the predatory mite, Neoseiulus womersleyi, by testing its effects on predator patch exploitation in situations where predatory mites were free to disperse from prey patches. Adult T. kanzawai females construct three‐dimensional webs on leaf surfaces and usually lay eggs under the webs; however, females that have experienced predation risks, shift oviposition sites onto the webs even in the absence of current predation risks. We compared the predation of eggs on webs deposited by predator‐experienced females with those on leaf surfaces. Predatory mites left prey patches with more eggs unpredated when higher proportions of prey eggs were located on webs, and egg survival on webs was much higher than that on leaf surfaces. These results indicate that a micro‐oviposition shift by predator‐experienced T. kanzawai protects offspring from predation, suggesting adaptive learning and subsociality in this species. Conversely, fecundity and longevity of predator‐experienced T. kanzawai females were not reduced compared to those of predator‐naïve females; we could not detect any costs associated with the learned micro‐oviposition shift. Moreover, the previously experienced predation risks did not promote between‐patch dispersal of T. kanzawai females against subsequently encountered predators. Based on these results, the relationships of between‐patch oviposition site selection and micro‐oviposition shift are discussed.

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Avoidance of egg parasitism through submerged oviposition by tandem pairs in the water strider, Aquarius paludum insularis (Heteroptera: Gerridae)

Cited by 23 publications

References 17 publications

Patterns of gregarine parasitism in dragonflies: host, habitat, and seasonality

Patterns of gregarine parasitism in dragonflies: host, habitat, and seasonality

Incidence of Anagrus obscurus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) egg parasitism on Calopteryx haemorrhoidalis and Platycnemis pennipes (Odonata: Calopterygidae: Platycnemididae) in Italy

Within‐patch oviposition site shifts by spider mites in response to prior predation risks decrease predator patch exploitation

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