Avocado Seed: A Comparative Study of Antioxidant Content and Capacity in Protecting Oil Models from Oxidation

Abstract

Increasingly, consumers want products containing little or no synthetic compounds. Avocado seeds, which are a residue of the food industry, could be used to obtain extracts with high antioxidant power. In the present study, the most popular radical scavenging methods are presented, establishing a comparison between them, besides working with two different extractions: pure methanol and ethanol–water (50:50 v/v). The radical scavenging assay methods ORAC and ABTS were performed, as well as a novel method: the reaction to methoxy radical, as determined by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Peroxide value and thiobarbituric acid reactive compounds (TBARs) were used to monitor the oxidation of avocado seed oil, as well as the power of the avocado seed extract (ASE) to delay oil oxidation by oxidation induction time (OIT) and measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Radical scavenging methods have values between 1310–263 µmol TE/g of mass dissolved for ORAC and ABTS, respectively. The individual contribution of each of the compounds present in the extract was analyzed. The sum of all of them contributed up to 84% of the total radical scavenging activity. The concentration of 0.75% ASE causes a delay in the oxidation that is close to 80%, as measured by OIT. This implies that avocado seed residue may have a use as a natural antioxidant source, providing added value to organic waste.

Fractionated Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Kernel Oil from Torreya fargesii

“…The method was modified from published research [35]. The oil sample (50 mL) was first extracted with an equal volume of 80% methanol for15 min in an ultrasonic bath, then the methanol layer was collected by centrifugation (8000 rpm, 10 min).…”

Compaction Process as a Concept of Press-Cake Production from Organic Waste

“…For comparison, the same quantity of pulp only has a potential of 11.6 µmolTE/g. Avocado extracts, thanks to their polyphenol content, expressed as gallic acid equivalents, are already used in cosmetic care [21], as well as a means to delay the oxidation of sunflower oil [22]. Moreover, many studies confirm [23][24][25][26] that avocado pit has cytotoxic properties, inter alia, against breast, lung, colon, and prostate cancer cells.…”

Analysis of Phenolic Composition of Byproducts (Seeds and Peels) of Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) Cultivated in Colombia

“…Avocado peels and seeds showed higher amounts of phenolics than the pulp. Avocado pulp is rich in hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids and procyanidins; while in seeds, the main antiradical capacity was attributed to the presence of (+)-catechin, (−)-epicatechin, and 3- O -caffeoylquinic acid, among other flavonoid compounds, such as procyanidins and hydroxycinnamic acids [13]. Recently, avocado peel (var.…”