Aviation Fuel Development - Past Highlights and Future Prospects

Edwards, Tim

doi:10.2514/6.2003-2611

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…The scramjet engine is considered to be the promising air-breathing propulsion system for future supersonic aircraft [1,2]. The high enthalpy airflow and combustion heat release make the scramjet face an extremely strict thermal environment [3]. Endothermic hydrocarbon fuels (EHFs) are used both as fuel and a thermal protection coolant for regenerative cooling scramjet engines [4][5][6], which have the advantages of a high volumetric energy density, large heat sinks, and ease of storage [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Investigations on the Mixing Process of Supercritical Jet Injected into a Supersonic Crossflow

et al. 2022

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The mixing process and distribution characteristics of a supercritical endothermic hydrocarbon fuel (EHF) jet injected into a supersonic crossflow were investigated by experimental and numerical methods, respectively. The schlieren system and acetone planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) optical system were used to capture the flow-field structural characteristics and instantaneous plume. The mixture and real gas models were employed to calculate the interaction of a transverse jet and supersonic crossflow and reveal a good accuracy with the experimental results. The mixing efficiency and total pressure loss were analyzed based on the numerical results. The results indicate that the supercritical-state EHF directly changes to a gaseous state as it enters the supersonic crossflow from the injector. The EHF jet plume boundary increases with the increasing momentum flux ratio (q). As the streamwise and spanwise distance increases, the traverse heights and expand width increase, and the EHF jet plume presents a semicircle shape in the cross-sectional plane. With the increase in the traverse direction, the concentration distribution shows a fast and then slow power exponential decreasing law; the highest concentration point starts from the near-wall region and rises in the transverse direction with the flow distance increasing. For the same injection condition, the higher the inflow Mach number, the higher the mixing efficiency. For the same Ma, the mixing efficiency is better for the case with low injection pressure and high injection temperature. The total pressure loss is greater in the higher Ma, and high injection pressure conditions cause greater total pressure loss.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Investigations on the Mixing Process of Supercritical Jet Injected into a Supersonic Crossflow

et al. 2022

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“…Therefore, it is very important to increase the fuel heat sink for a high speed scramjet. Though it is a very effective method to increase the fuel chemical heat sink to develop an endothermic fuel, the speed of a hydrocarbon fueled scramjet engine is limited to approximately Mach 8 due to coking within cooling channels [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power generation and heat sink improvement characteristics of recooling cycle for thermal cracked hydrocarbon fueled scramjet

Bao

Qin

Zhou

et al. 2011

Sci. China Technol. Sci.

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In order to further investigate how much fuel heat sink could be increased and how much power generation could be obtained by using recooling cycle for a regeneratively cooled scramjet, the energy conversion from heat to electricity and the fuel heat sink increase in recooling cycle are experimentally investigated for fuel conversion rate and components of gas cracked fuel products at different fuel temperatures. The results indicate that the total fuel heat sink (i.e., physical+chemical+recooling) of a recooling cycle is obviously higher than the heat sink of fuel itself, and the maximum heat sink increment is as high as 0.4 MJ/kg throughout the recooling cycle. Furthermore, the cracked fuel mixture has a significant capacity of doing work. The thermodynamic power generation scheme, which adopts the cracked fuel gas mixture as the working fluid, is a potential power generation cycle, and the maximum specific power generation is about 500 kW/kg. Turbine-pump scheme using cracked fuel gas mixture is also a potential fuel feeding cycle.recooling cycle, scramjet, heat sink, power generation, thermal cracking Citation:Bao W, Qin J, Zhou W X, et al. Power generation and heat sink improvement characteristics of recooling cycle for thermal cracked hydrocarbon fueled scramjet.

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Distribution characteristics of a supercritical hydrocarbon fuel jet injected into a high-speed crossflow

Zhou

Xing²,

Dou³

et al. 2023

Fuel

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Aviation Fuel Development - Past Highlights and Future Prospects

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

Experimental and Numerical Investigations on the Mixing Process of Supercritical Jet Injected into a Supersonic Crossflow

Experimental and Numerical Investigations on the Mixing Process of Supercritical Jet Injected into a Supersonic Crossflow

Power generation and heat sink improvement characteristics of recooling cycle for thermal cracked hydrocarbon fueled scramjet

Distribution characteristics of a supercritical hydrocarbon fuel jet injected into a high-speed crossflow

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