Aviation Displays

Stokes, Alan F.; Wickens, Christopher D.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-057090-7.50018-7

Cited by 29 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Commercial considerations, the size and mission of the aircraft, and the era of development appear to be largely responsible for the number and differences in alarms and alerts on modern flight decks. Flight decks of the future should seek cognitive simplicity, as described by Deatherage (1972), and sound display use, as discussed by Stokes and Wickens (1988).…”

Section: Glareshieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping with Complex Alarms: Sophisticated Aircraft Cockpit Alarm Systems Demand a Shift in Training Strategies

Gilson

Mouloua

1996

Ergonomics in Design: The Quarterly of Human Factors Applicatio

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Section: Glareshieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping with Complex Alarms: Sophisticated Aircraft Cockpit Alarm Systems Demand a Shift in Training Strategies

Gilson

Mouloua

1996

Ergonomics in Design: The Quarterly of Human Factors Applicatio

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“…An introduction to relevant statistical formats is available in Chambers, Cleveland, Kleiner, and Tukey (1983), Tufte (1983), and Wainer and Thissen (1981). Examples of industrial graphics are also available (e.g., Cole, 1986, andSiegel, Goldwyn, &Friedman, 1971, for medical graphics; Stokes & Wickens, 1988, for transportation graphics; Woods, Wise, & Hanes, 1981, for processcontrol graphics).…”

Section: The Present Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The perceptual interaction of graphical attributes: Configurality, stimulus homogeneity, and object integration

Carswell

Wickens

1990

Perception & Psychophysics

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Researchers have proposed that graphical efficacy may be determined, in part, by the nature of the perceptual interactions that exist between attributes used to create graphical displays, One extreme type of interaction is integrality, in which two or more physical dimensions are represented as a single psychological dimension in the observer. An alternative type of interaction is configurality, in which a global emergent dimension is available to the observer in addition to the component attributes, Thirteen stimulus sets, each composed of attributes commonly used in the design of graphs, were submitted to the performance-based diagnostics of integrality and configurality. Analyses suggest a continuum of configurality among the present stimulus sets, with little evidence for integral graphical attributes. The configural pattern of results was more common when two identical dimensions were paired (homogeneous stimuli) than when two different dimensions were paired (heterogeneous stimuli). However, there was no evidence that pairs of dimensions belonging to a single object (object integration) were any more configural than dimensions belonging to different objects. Object integration was, however, consistently related to inefficient performance in tasks requiring the filtering of one of two component dimensions.How may geometric properties and color be most effectively employed to communicate quantitative information? What, in short, makes a good graphical display? These questions represent the research agenda for what DeSanctis (1984) calls comparative graphics. One approach to comparative graphics has been to systematically study the accuracy with which we can identify and discriminate stimulus levels along continuous physical dimensions, and this information is routinely presented in introductory discussions of display design (e.g., Hutchingson, 1981;McCormick & Sanders, 1982). However, this tradition, which emphasizes the coding of individual quantitative variables as individual physical dimensions, has recently been supplemented by interest in the perceptual interactions that may occur when combinations of such dimensions are used to represent multiple variables. In the present paper, we consider the utility of two notions of attribute interaction-dimensional integrality and dimensional configurality-for the prediction of graphical efficacy.

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“…in computers systems, vehicles, medical monitoring stations, etc.) posits the benefits of dividing information across modalities (e.g., Bonebright & Nees, 2009;Stokes, Wickens, & Kite, 1990). These arguments frequently have been justified with reference to MRT, and indeed, the modalities dimension of MRT offers a useful design heuristic that was confirmed here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Performance of a Sonification Task in the Presence of Verbal, Visuospatial, and Auditory Interference Tasks

Nees

Walker

2014

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

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An experiment examined performance with sonifications-a general term for nonspeech auditory displays-as a function of working memory encoding and the demands of three different types of interference tasks. Participants encoded the sonifications as verbal representations, visuospatial images, or auditory images. After encoding, participants engaged in brief verbal, visuospatial, or auditory interference tasks before responding to point estimation queries about the sonifications. Results were expected to show selective impact on sonification task performance when the interference task demands matched the working memory encoding strategy, but instead a pattern of general working memory interference emerged in addition to auditory modal interference. In practical applications, results suggested that performance with auditory displays will be impacted by any interference task, though auditory tasks likely will cause more interference than verbal or visuospatial tasks.

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Aviation Displays

Cited by 29 publications

References 52 publications

Coping with Complex Alarms: Sophisticated Aircraft Cockpit Alarm Systems Demand a Shift in Training Strategies

Coping with Complex Alarms: Sophisticated Aircraft Cockpit Alarm Systems Demand a Shift in Training Strategies

The perceptual interaction of graphical attributes: Configurality, stimulus homogeneity, and object integration

Performance of a Sonification Task in the Presence of Verbal, Visuospatial, and Auditory Interference Tasks

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