Avian Salmonellosis

Malik, Yashpal Singh; Milton, Arockiasamy Arun Prince; Ghatak, Sandeep; Ghosh, Souvik

doi:10.1007/978-981-16-4554-9_15

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 61 publications

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“…Poultry meat is a cheap source of rich proteins (Saleem et al, 2022;Akhtar et al, 2023), however, so many diseases are hampering it such as bacterial, viral, parasitic, or fungal in origin (Mehmood et al, 2020;Soliman et al, 2021;Lebdah et al, 2022;Abu et al, 2022;Ahmed et al, 2022;Raza et al, 2022;Mehnaz et al, 2023;Qadir and Irum, 2023;Suardana et al, 2023). Poultry farming is facing complicated disease complexes out of which salmonellosis possesses an important place around the globe (Carole et al, 2021;Malik et al, 2021;Nupur et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fowl Typhoid: Present Scenario, Diagnosis, Prevention and Control Measures

2023

IJAB

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Poultry farming is facing complicated diseases including salmonellosis throughout the world. Avian salmonellosis renders heavy economic losses not only by causing high mortality (maybe up to 80%) but also by a reduction in meat and egg production. Salmonella has zoonotic importance. There are more than 2500 species of Salmonella, among these species important for poultry are Salmonella Gallinarum, S. pullorum, S. Typhimurium, S. enteritidis, etc. Among these Salmonella Gallinarum causes fowl typhoid (FT). FT affects mostly adult chickens resulting in greenish diarrhea and enteritis and high mortality. In the past, only antimicrobial drugs were used to control Salmonella in poultry which was causing also a threat to human beings as residues of the drugs were coming in meat and eggs. Day by day, antimicrobial resistance is developing against Salmonella in poultry, thus new ways and means are being searched for its control. Both live and inactivated vaccines have been in application against S. Gallinarum. Previously, Salmonella species were diagnosed by traditional ways of isolation, biochemical reactions, and microscopy. With the passage of time, there are new advancements in its diagnosis. Many techniques have been adopted for the detection of the causative agent. The PCR is useful for the rapid and correct diagnosis of Salmonella serotypes in poultry. Multiplex-PCR, Real-time PCR, PCR-RFLP assay, capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE), PFGE, indirect ELISA, and RAPD DNA are being used for diagnosis. Various strategies have been applied to curtail or control Salmonella infection in poultry. As Salmonella antibiotic resistance is developing, alternative treatment/prevention strategies are being opted for. Organic compounds such as prebiotics, probiotics, and phytobiotics are in use to limit salmonella growth. Organic compounds have several benefits to the chicken, and eggs and meats are free from residues and have public health safety. Omic technologies and bacteriophages as an alternative solution to control Salmonellosis have also been suggested.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fowl Typhoid: Present Scenario, Diagnosis, Prevention and Control Measures

2023

IJAB

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Genome-Based Assessment of Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Potential of Isolates of Non-Pullorum/Gallinarum Salmonella Serovars Recovered from Dead Poultry in China

Kang

Ed-Dra

et al. 2022

Microbiol Spectr

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Avian salmonellosis is one of the leading global causes of poultry death, resulting in substantial economic losses in China (constituting 9% of overall financial losses). In Shandong province, a top poultry producer (30% of the overall production in China, with 15% being exported to the world), extensive outbreaks of avian salmonellosis have been reported in the past decade where the causal agents or exact types remain rarely addressed.

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High epigenetic potential protects songbirds against pathogenic Salmonella enterica infection

Sheldon

Zimmer

Hanson

et al. 2023

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Animals encounter many novel and unpredictable challenges when moving into new areas including pathogen exposure. Because effective immune defenses against such threats can be costly, plastic immune responses could be particularly advantageous, as such defenses can be engaged only when context warrants activation. DNA methylation is a key regulator of plasticity via its effects on gene expression. In vertebrates, DNA methylation occurs exclusively at CpG dinucleotides, and typically, high DNA methylation decreases gene expression, particularly when it occurs in promoters. The CpG content of gene regulatory regions may therefore represent one form of epigenetic potential (EP), a genomic means to capacitate gene expression and hence adaptive phenotypic plasticity. Non-native populations of house sparrows (Passer domesticus) - one of the world's most cosmopolitan species – have high EP in the promoter of a key microbial surveillance gene, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), compared to native populations. We previously hypothesized that high EP may enable sparrows to balance the costs and benefits of inflammatory immune responses well, a trait critical to success in novel environments. In the present study, we found support for this hypothesis: house sparrows with high EP in TLR4 promoter were better able to resist a pathogenic Salmonella enterica infection than sparrows with low EP. These results support the idea that high EP contributes to invasion and perhaps adaptation in novel environments, but the mechanistic details whereby these organismal effects arise remain obscure.

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Avian Salmonellosis

Cited by 3 publications

References 61 publications

Fowl Typhoid: Present Scenario, Diagnosis, Prevention and Control Measures

Fowl Typhoid: Present Scenario, Diagnosis, Prevention and Control Measures

Genome-Based Assessment of Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Potential of Isolates of Non-Pullorum/Gallinarum Salmonella Serovars Recovered from Dead Poultry in China

High epigenetic potential protects songbirds against pathogenic Salmonella enterica infection

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