Avian Leucosis Virus-Host Interaction: The Involvement of Host Factors in Viral Replication

Abstract

Avian leukosis virus (ALV) causes various diseases associated with tumor formation and decreased fertility. Moreover, ALV induces severe immunosuppression, increasing susceptibility to other microbial infections and the risk of failure in subsequent vaccination against other diseases. There is growing evidence showing the interaction between ALV and the host. In this review, we will survey the present knowledge of the involvement of host factors in the important molecular events during ALV infection and discuss the futuristic perspectives from this angle.

Identification of Itgb1 as a critical gene for radiation-induced injury by bioinformatic analysis combined with experimental verification

“…In previous studies, Itgb1 was highly expressed in glioma, osteosarcoma, and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.Itgb1 is a member of the ITG family [21,22], which is closely associated with apoptosis. Itgb1 enhances the radiation resistance of non-small cell lung cancer cells by regulating the DNA damage response [23]and YAP1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition [24,25]. Itgb1 mediates the Notch signaling pathway [26,27], which affects the proliferation of glioma cells, and molecular DNA mutations in the Notch signaling pathway are highly correlated with malignant tumorigenesis [28,29].…”

Establishment and application of a gold nanoparticle-based immunochromatographic test strip for the detection of avian leukosis virus P27 antigen in egg white samples

“…3 Under natural conditions, ALV only infects chickens, with vertical transmission as the main form of transmission, which can lead to a decrease in the immune prevention and controllability of diseased chickens, leading to further multiple infections. 4,5 Based on the antigen structure, host category, and mutual interference between different strains of the virus envelope glycoprotein, ALV can be divided into 11 sub-groups A-K, with subgroup J (ALV-J) causing the greatest harm and causing incalculable losses to the global poultry industry. 6,7 The coding region of ALV contains three coding genes: gag, pol, and env and ALV-P27 exists in the gag gene and has high homology and conservation in various ALV subgroups.…”

The coinfection of ALVs causes severe pathogenicity in Three-Yellow chickens

“…Globally, avian leukosis viruses (ALVs) cause severe economic losses to the poultry industry because of their infectiousness and retroviral properties [ 1 ]. Based on the host range [ 2 ], antibody neutralization and receptor interference studies [ 3 ], ALVs that infect chickens can be divided into subgroups A, B, C, D, E, J and K. Among these subgroups, subgroup J (ALV-J), which was first isolated from meat-type breeder chickens in 1988 [ 4 ], is the most prevalent in chickens [ 5 – 7 ].…”