Avian Hepatitis E Virus: With the Trend of Genotypes and Host Expansion

Sun, Peng; Lin, Shaoli; He, Shenghu; Zhou, En‐Min

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.01696

Cited by 23 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…It is known that the first sequenced strain of avian HEV was isolated from chickens with hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome in the United States in 2000 ( Haqshenas et al., 2001 ). After that, avian HEV strains were successively reported in Europe ( Bilic et al., 2009 ); Shandong, China ( Zhao et al., 2010 ); Hungary ( Bányai et al., 2012 ); South Korea ( Kwon et al., 2012 ); Taiwan, China ( Hsu and Tsai, 2014 ); Guangdong, China ( Zhang et al., 2019 ); and Pakistan ( Iqbal et al., 2019 ), which confirmed again the high diversity of the avian HEV and the existence of difierent genotypes ( Bányai et al., 2012 ; Sprygin et al., 2012 ; Sun et al., 2019 ), indicating that more different types of strains may be found in the future. In this study, to further clarify the molecular characteristics of the avian HEV strain circulating in the aforementioned farm, the capsid gene of the virus was sequenced using the Sanger method.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Research Note: A putative novel subtype of the avian hepatitis E virus of genotype 3, Jiangxi province, China

Zhang

Tan

et al. 2020

Poultry Science

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In recent years, the avian hepatitis E virus ( HEV ) has been widely spread in China, causing huge economic losses. Several studies have carried out detailed epidemiologic investigations of the avian HEV, but no data were from Jiangxi province. Since early April 2020, diseases similar to hepatic rupture hemorrhage syndrome caused by the avian HEV occurred in a Roman Brown layer farm in Jiangxi province, indicating this virus may also be epidemic there. To make this assumption clear, 20 liver samples were collected from the sick flock and then analyzed by detailed viral detection, which confirmed that the avian HEV should be responsible for the aforementioned disease (6 of 20). Then, the capsid gene of the virus was sequenced to show the molecular characteristics of the strain circulating in the aforementioned flock. Sequence comparison showed that it shared 80.7 to 94.7% identities with 12 published strains, while phylogenetic analysis confirmed that it belongs to a new subtype of genotype 3. Moreover, basing on a 242 bp fragment, the novel also shared high similarities to reference strains identified as genotypes before, revealing the genotype 3 maybe very popular in China and even can be divided into several subgroups. In conclusion, a novel avian HEV strain was identified in this study, which belongs to a new subtype of genotype 3. The analysis makes up for the molecular epidemiologic data of avian HEV and provides a basis for further understanding the spread of avian HEV in China.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Research Note: A putative novel subtype of the avian hepatitis E virus of genotype 3, Jiangxi province, China

Zhang

Tan

et al. 2020

Poultry Science

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“…Avian hepatitis E virus (aHEV) is classified into the Orthohepevirus B species of the family Hepeviridae and (Orthohepevirus B species) comprises of HEV isolated from chickens and wild birds [1]. HEV infections may occur without obvious clinical signs and symptoms in many domestic animal species, but in chickens it occurs both subclinically and with certain pathognomonic signs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological evidence of avian HEV antibodies in apparently healthy chickens in southwest Nigeria

et al. 2021

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Avian hepatitis E virus (aHEV) is associated with hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome, big liver and spleen disease and hepatic rupture haemorrhage syndrome. However, the knowledge about aHEV in commercial layer chickens in Nigeria is scarce. In this study, 460 serum samples obtained from 36 apparently healthy commercial layer chicken flocks in three states (Ogun, Osun and Oyo States) of southwestern Nigeria were analysed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the presence of anti-aHEV immunoglobulin Y (IgY) antibodies. In total, the overall seroprevalence of anti-aHEV antibodies was 14.6%. The serological analysis revealed that 75% of the flocks examined were positive for anti-aHEV IgY antibodies from chickens of various ages in all three states. The percentage of the seropositive chickens in the three states varied from flock to flock ranging from 60% to 88.8% and seropositive chickens were detected at any age (24–52 weeks of age) without significant differences between the age groups. This is the first report assessing the presence of aHEV antibodies in chickens from Nigeria. The detection of anti-aHEV antibodies in commercial layer chickens in this study emphasizes the importance of serosurveillance in disease monitoring due to the economic threat posed by aHEV as a result of decreased egg production and increased mortality in affected commercial layer chicken farms. However, further studies are essential to reveal the clinical implications and to assess the real burden of aHEV in Nigeria.

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“…There is only one known serotype of aHEV [ 2 , 15 ] but genomic sequencing has so far revealed four distinct genotypes of aHEV (genotypes 1–4) which are believed to be specifically linked with the host species and geographic origin [ 16 ]. Avian HEV strains share approximately 73–100% nucleotide sequence identity with each other but only about 30–50% sequence identity with human and swine HEV [ 17 ]. Genotype 1 includes isolates that originated from chickens with BLSD in Australia and Korea [ 10 , 18 ], while genotype 2 has been detected in chickens with BLSD and HSS from the United States, Central Europe, and Spain [ 12 , 13 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a Putative Novel Genotype of Avian Hepatitis E Virus from Apparently Healthy Chickens in Southwestern Nigeria

Osamudiamen

Akanbi

Zander

et al. 2021

Viruses

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Avian hepatitis E virus (aHEV) is the major etiological agent of hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome (HSS), big liver and spleen disease (BLSD), and hepatic rupture hemorrhage syndrome (HRHS) in chickens. Infections with aHEV cause a significant decrease in egg production and increased mortality in chickens worldwide. However, studies on the prevalence of aHEV in Nigeria are scarce. In this study, serum (n = 88) and fecal samples (n = 110) obtained from apparently healthy layer chickens from three states in southwestern Nigeria were analyzed by nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (nRT-PCR) targeting the helicase and capsid gene for the presence of aHEV. Avian HEV was detected in 12.5% (n = 11/88) of serum samples and 9.1% (n = 10/110) of fecal samples tested. Phylogenetic analysis showed that five of the twelve identified aHEV sequences belonged to genotype 2. The remaining seven sequences were only distantly related to other known aHEV isolates. After amplification of the near-complete ORF2 fragment (1618 bp) and part of the ORF1 (582 bp) of isolate YF40_aHEV_NG phylogenetic analysis revealed a nucleotide sequence identity between 79.0 and 82.6% and 80.1 and 83.5%, respectively, to other known aHEV strains, indicating that the Nigerian isolate YF40_aHEV_NG belongs to a novel aHEV genotype. This is the first report of co-circulation of aHEV genotypes in chickens in Nigeria.

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Avian Hepatitis E Virus: With the Trend of Genotypes and Host Expansion

Cited by 23 publications

References 82 publications

Research Note: A putative novel subtype of the avian hepatitis E virus of genotype 3, Jiangxi province, China

Research Note: A putative novel subtype of the avian hepatitis E virus of genotype 3, Jiangxi province, China

Serological evidence of avian HEV antibodies in apparently healthy chickens in southwest Nigeria

Identification of a Putative Novel Genotype of Avian Hepatitis E Virus from Apparently Healthy Chickens in Southwestern Nigeria

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