Average power limitations in high-repetition-rate pulsed gas lasers at 106 and 16 μm

Baranov, V Yu; Kazsakov, S.A.; Malyuta, D D; Mezhevov, V S; Napartovich, A. P.; Nisiev, V.G.; Orlov, M. Yu.; Starodubtsev, A I; Starostin, A. N.

doi:10.1364/ao.19.000930

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…To our knowledge the reported maximum output average power of tunable TEA CO 2 laser up to now is 1.2 kW [4]. Based on our recently made 3.6 kW TEA CO 2 laser, the laser tunability has been demonstrated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

A 3kW average power tunable TEA CO2 laser

Wan

et al. 2005

Optics & Laser Technology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

A 3kW average power tunable TEA CO2 laser

Wan

et al. 2005

Optics & Laser Technology

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“…Meanwhile, the shock waves from pulsed discharges, particularly high-current discharges at elevated pressures, can significantly affect both the environment and the area of the discharge. In particular, it has been shown [12] that the use of plasma electrodes in the volume discharge of a CO 2 laser shock wave heats the volume of the laser and limits the frequency of the generated laser radiation. The interval between pulses had to be increased [13,14]-shock waves from pulsed discharges limit the use of the volume discharge as a light source [15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of shock waves from plasma actuators on transonic and supersonic airflow

Mursenkova¹,

Znamenskaya²,

Lutsky³

2018

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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This paper presents experimental and numerical investigations of high-current sliding surface discharges of nanosecond duration and their effect on high-speed flow as plasma actuators in a shock tube. This study deals with the effectiveness of a sliding surface discharge at low and medium air pressure. Results cover the electrical characteristics of the discharge and optical visualization of the discharge and high-speed post-discharge flow. A sliding surface discharge is first studied in quiescent air conditions and then in high-speed flow, being initiated in the boundary layer at a transverse flow velocity of 50–950 m s−1 behind a flat shock wave in air of density 0.04–0.45 kg m−3. The discharge is powered by a pulse voltage of 25–30 kV and the electric current is ~0.5 kA. Shadow imaging and particle image velocimetry (PIV) are used to measure the flow field parameters after the pulse surface discharge. Shadow imaging reveals shock waves originating from the channels of the discharge configurations. PIV is used to measure the velocity field resulting from the discharge in quiescent air and to determine the homogeneity of energy release along the sliding discharge channel. Semicylindrical shock waves from the channels of the sliding discharge have an initial velocity of more than 600 m s−1. The shock-wave configuration floats in the flow along the streamlined surface. Numerical simulation based on the equations of hydrodynamics matched with the experiment showed that 25%–50% of the discharge energy is instantly transformed into heat energy in a high-speed airflow, leading to the formation of shock waves. This energy is comparable to the flow enthalpy and can result in significant modification of the boundary layer and the entire flow.

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“…3 In the past two decades, the flow field developing process after discharge in the chamber and its influence to the next discharge have attracted the attentions of scientists and Engineers for the increasing high-repetitive-rate and stable-discharge demands of repetitively pulsed gas laser application, especially the EUV Lithography application. 4,5,10 The schlieren 6,10 , shadowgraph 11 , and interferometry 5,7 were all applied, and the images of three kinds of shock waves (the longitudinal shock waves in the gas flow direction, the transversal shock waves between the electrodes and the transversal shock waves between optics) were obtained 7,11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of shock wave in TEA gas laser

Yang

et al. 2010

SPIE Proceedings

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The evolution of shock wave generated by discharge in laser chamber is one of the key factors which affect laser beam quality, discharge stability, and repetition rate of TEA gas laser. In this paper, Mach-Zehnder interferometer is applied to observe both the longitudinal and transversal shock waves between electrodes as well as the acoustic waves originated by preionization in the discharge pumping zone of TEA gas laser. By changing the discharge voltage, gas pressure and gas composition concentration, the developing processes in different conditions are compared and analyzed. It is observed that the shock waves originating from cathode is different from the anode's ones even in the symmetric electrode construction. And the carbon dioxide concentration in helium-buffered working gas can affect the speed of the wave obviously. However, the increasing trend of shock wave speed, when increasing discharge voltage or reducing discharge gas pressure, is inconspicuous.

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Average power limitations in high-repetition-rate pulsed gas lasers at 106 and 16 μm

Abstract: Processes resulting in average power limitations in high-repetition-rate pulsed lasers are studied. The description and performance of a CO(2) laser with an average power up to 10 kW as well as of an optically pumped CF(4) laser are given.

Cited by 21 publications

References 6 publications

A 3kW average power tunable TEA CO2 laser

A 3kW average power tunable TEA CO2 laser

Influence of shock waves from plasma actuators on transonic and supersonic airflow

Evolution of shock wave in TEA gas laser

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