Avances en la reconstrucción plurisecular del clima en el noreste de España: nuevas bases de datos y resultados

Abstract

RESUMENEn el marco de los proyectos CGL2011-28255 y CGL2015-69985 se ha generado una base de datos multiproxy e instrumental con el objetivo de analizar la evolución, tendencia, variabilidad y los fenómenos extremos de las temperaturas y la precipitación en el Noreste de España a lo largo de los últimos 400 años. En esta comunicación presentamos la base de datos creada, así como los primeros resultados referentes al estudio de la variabilidad de las sequías. La información multiproxy está formada por documentos históricos procedentes de 16 archivos de las Comunidades de Aragón, la Rioja y Cataluña, y por series dendrocronológicas de 23 áreas localizadas en los Pirineos, el Sistema Ibérico y el valle del Ebro. Los datos han sido calibrados con toda la red de estaciones meteorológicas de temperatura y precipitación del Noreste de España. Con ellos se ha realizado la reconstrucción de los periodos de sequía desde el siglo XVII que permiten contextualizar el clima actual en un ámbito temporal más amplio, y ayudan a validar los escenarios climáticos futuros. Palabras clave: Sequías, Proxy-data, Paleoclimatología, Noreste de España ABSTRACTIn the framework of the projects CGL2011-28255 and CGL2015-69985 a multiproxy and instrumental database has been generated with the aim of analyzing the evolution, trends, variability and extreme events of temperature and precipitation in the northeast of Spain over the last 400 years. In this paper, we present a novel database that integrates multiproxy and instrumental data as well as the first results concerning the evolution of drought variability. Multiproxy data is composed of 16 historical documents located in Aragon, La Rioja and Catalonia and by 23 dendrochronological series located in the Pyrenees, the Iberian Range and the Ebro Valley. Multiproxy data is calibrated with all the network of stations of temperature and precipitation in the northeast of Spain. The database has led to develop a reconstruction of drought periods since the XVII century which serve not only to contextualize the current climate in a temporal scale, but also to validate future climate change scenarios

The evolution of climatic drought studies in Spain over the last few decades

“…Great effort has been invested in the study of drought from a long-term perspective, including pre-instrumental periods by means of documentary sources and tree-ring data (Cuadrat et al, 2016b). These studies are very important in assessing whether drought episodes recorded in the last few decades have precedents over the centuries in order to find a possible anthropogenic cause.…”

The weather behind words – new methodologies for integrated hydrometeorological reconstruction through documentary sources

“…All over Europe, where literature on temperatures and precipitation reconstructed through historic documents is abundant, HC is an important source of insight. Studies in Switzerland, Germany, the Czech Republic, France, Hungary, the Netherlands, the British Isles, the Balkans, Portugal, Norway, Italy (for a more detailed analysis of the HC literature in Europe, see Camenisch, 2015;Brázdil et al, 2005Brázdil et al, , 2010Camuffo et al, 2010) and Spain (Martín-Vide and Barriendos, 1995;Sánchez-Rodrigo et al, 1999;García-Herrera et al, 2003;Vicente-Serrano and Cuadrat, 2007;Domínguez-Castro et al, 2008;Fernández-Fernández et al, 2015;Cuadrat et al, 2016;Tejedor et al, 2018) are examples of well-studied regions. Beyond Europe, other regions where HC has remarkably developed are South America (Prieto, 1985;Prieto and Jorba, 1991;Prieto et al, 2000) and SE Asia (Ge et al, 2003(Ge et al, , 2005.…”