Avaliação por fotointerpretação das áreas de abrangência dos diferentes estados da erosão acelerada do solo em canaviais e pomares de citros

Politano, Walter; Pissarra, Teresa Cristina Tarlé

doi:10.1590/s0100-69162005000100027

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Soil conservation management systems have also been studied in orange orchards in view of the soil disturbance caused by the conventional tillage, with the removal or incorporation of plant residues into soil, favoring the occurrence of erosive processes, mainly in the early phase of orchard establishment (Politano & Pissarra, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil microbial biomass under different management and tillage systems of permanent intercropped cover species in an orange orchard

Balota¹,

Auler²

2011

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYTo mitigate soil erosion and enhance soil fertility in orange plantations, the permanent protection of the inter-rows by cover species has been suggested. The objective of this study was to evaluate alterations in the microbial biomass, due to different soil tillage systems and intercropped cover species between rows of orange trees. The soil of the experimental area previously used as pasture (Brachiaria humidicola) was an Ultisol (Typic Paleudult) originating from Caiuá sandstone in the northwestern part of the State of Paraná, Brazil. Two soil tillage systems were evaluated: conventional tillage (CT) in the entire area and strip tillage (ST) (strip width 2 m), in combination with different ground cover management systems. The citrus cultivar 'Pera' orange (Citrus sinensis) grafted onto 'Rangpur' lime rootstock was used. Soil samples were collected after five years of treatment from a depth of 0-15 cm, under the tree canopy and in the inter-row, in the following treatments: (1) CT and an annual cover crop with the leguminous species Calopogonium mucunoides; (2) CT and a perennial cover crop with the leguminous peanut Arachis pintoi; (3) CT and an evergreen cover crop with Bahiagrass Paspalum notatum; (4) CT and a cover crop with spontaneous Brachiaria humidicola grass vegetation; and (5) ST and maintenance of the remaining grass (pasture) of Brachiaria humidicola. Soil tillage and the different cover species influenced the microbial biomass, both under the tree canopy and in the interrow. The cultivation of brachiaria increased C and N in the microbial biomass, while bahiagrass increased P in the microbial biomass. The soil microbial biomass was enriched in N and P by the presence of ground cover species and according to the soil P content. The grass species increased C, N and P in the soil microbial biomass from the inter-row more than leguminous species.Index terms: microbial activity, soil tillage, nutrient cycling, citrus management.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil microbial biomass under different management and tillage systems of permanent intercropped cover species in an orange orchard

Balota¹,

Auler²

2011

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…For the implantation of orange orchards, the soil is usually tilled and plants and residue are incorporated leaving the soil temporarily bare, which aggravates soil and water losses (Politano & Pissarra, 2005). Experimental results have shown the possibility of using reduced soil tillage for the implantation of orange orchards (Auler et al 2008b;Fidalski et al, 2009), maintaining permanently vegetated rows without soil disturbance by tillage after the establishment of the orchard .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Availability of soil water under tillage systems, mulch management and citrus rootstocks

Fidalski¹,

Auler²,

Beraldo

et al. 2010

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYThe increased availability of soil water is important for the management of non-irrigated orange orchards. The objective of this study was to evaluate the availability of soil water in a Haplorthox (Rhodic Ferralsol) under different tillage systems used for orchard plantation, mulch management and rootstocks in a "Pêra" orange orchard in northwest Paraná, Brazil. An experiment in a split-split-plot design was established in 2002, in an area cultivated with Brachiaria brizantha grass in which three tillage systems (no tillage, conventional tillage and strip-tillage) were used for orchard plantation. This grass was mowed twice a year between the rows, representing two mulch managements in the split plots (no mulching and mulching in the plant rows). The split-split-plots were represented by two rootstocks ("Rangpur" lime and "Cleopatra" mandarin). The soil water content in the plant rows was evaluated in the 0-20 cm layer in 2007 and at 0-20 and 20-40 cm in 2008-2009. The effect of soil tillage systems prior to implantation of orange orchards on soil water availability was less pronounced than mulching and the rootstocks. The soil water availability was lower when "Pêra" orange trees were grafted on "Cleopatra" mandarin than on "Rangpur" lime rootstocks. Mulching had a positive influence on soil water availability in the sandy surface layer (0-20 cm) and sandy clay loam subsurface (20-40 cm) of the soil in the spring. The production of B. brizantha between the rows and residue disposal in the plant rows as mulch increased water availability to the "Pêra" orange trees.Index terms: Brachiaria brizantha, no tillage, soil management, soil texture, time domain reflectometry.(

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“…(Tabelas 3 e 4), não havia limitações físicas do solo, como camadas compactadas que poderiam ser identificadas pela densidade do solo e porosidade total, que justificassem o preparo do Latossolo Vermelho distrófico típico para o plantio de laranjeiras, na área de pastagem com B. brizantha. Portanto, nas condições edafoclimáticas do noroeste do Paraná, não se esperam limitações físicas do solo ao plantio de laranjeira no sistema plantio direto e preparo em faixas, tendo-se como vantagens: a redução da erosão hídrica, em razão da cobertura do solo em área de pastagens, na fase de formação do pomar; e a redução do custo com operações mecanizadas para a implantação do pomar (Politano & Pissarra, 2005;Neves et al, 2007;Auler et al, 2008).…”

Section: Tabela 4 Valores Médios Diferença Mínima Significativa (Dmunclassified

“…Esses indicadores são influenciados pelos sistemas de manejo da cobertura permanente do solo, nas entrelinhas do pomar e em pastagens (Fidalski et al, 2008b). Na implantação de pomares de laranja, predomina o uso do preparo convencional, com revolvimento do solo e incorporação da cobertura vegetal em área total, o que acarreta erosão hídrica (Politano & Pissarra, 2005). Durante a fase de formação e produção de laranja, a vegetação nas linhas e entrelinhas das plantas compete pela água do solo com as laranjeiras (Wright et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Qualidade física do solo sob sistemas de preparo e cobertura morta em pomar de laranja

Fidalski

Barbosa²,

Auler

et al. 2009

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de preparo do solo e de cobertura morta sobre a qualidade física de um Latossolo, em um pomar de laranja 'Pêra'. O experimento foi instalado em Paranavaí, PR, em área com Brachiaria brizantha. O delineamento foi o de blocos ao acaso, em parcelas subsubdivididas, com 12 tratamentos e 4 repetições. Nas parcelas foram estudados os sistemas plantio direto, preparo em faixas e preparo convencional; nas subparcelas, os manejos com e sem cobertura morta, na linha das plantas de laranjeira 'Pêra'; e nas subsubparcelas, os porta-enxertos Citrus limonia Osb. e Citrus reshni Hort. ex Tan. Foram coletadas amostras de solo nas linhas das plantas, sob o rodado e no entrerrodado do trator, para quantificação de densidade, macroporosidade e microporosidade. O plantio direto de laranja em pastagem manteve a qualidade física do solo nas linhas das plantas, no entrerrodado e sob o rodado. O preparo convencional comprometeu a qualidade física do solo sob o rodado. A qualidade física do solo foi favorecida pelo menor revolvimento do solo, resultante do plantio direto ou do preparo em faixas, e pelo manejo da cobertura morta nas linhas das plantas, após o plantio das laranjeiras.Termos para indexação: Brachiaria brizantha, citros, densidade do solo, manejo do solo, plantio direto, porosidade do solo. Soil physical quality under planting and mulching systems in an orange groveAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of planting and mulching systems on the soil physical quality of a Typic Haplorthox (Rhodic Ferralsol), in a grove cultivated with orange cultivar Pêra. The experiment was established in Paranavaí, PR, Brazil, in a field dominated by the forage grass Brachiaria brizantha. The experiment had a randomized complete block split-split plot design, with 12 treatments and 4 replicates. The main plots were no-tillage, strip-tillage, and conventional tillage systems; in the split plots, systems with or without mulching in plant rows were evaluated; and in the split-split plots, the root stocks Citrus limonia Osb. and Citrus reshni Hort. ex Tan. were evaluated. Soil samples were collected in the tree rows and under and in-between the tractor wheel tracks for soil bulk density, macroporosity, and microporosity. Orange planting with no-tillage maintained the soil physical quality in the tree rows and under and in-between the wheel tracks. Conventional tillage was detrimental to the physical quality of the soil under the wheel tracks. Soil physical quality was favored by the lowest soil disturbance in the establishment of the grove, both under no-tillage and strip-tillage, and it was also favored by mulching of Brachiaria brizantha in the tree rows, after planting.

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Avaliação por fotointerpretação das áreas de abrangência dos diferentes estados da erosão acelerada do solo em canaviais e pomares de citros

Cited by 16 publications

References 2 publications

Soil microbial biomass under different management and tillage systems of permanent intercropped cover species in an orange orchard

Soil microbial biomass under different management and tillage systems of permanent intercropped cover species in an orange orchard

Availability of soil water under tillage systems, mulch management and citrus rootstocks

Qualidade física do solo sob sistemas de preparo e cobertura morta em pomar de laranja

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