Avaliação longitudinal da qualidade de vida entre mototaxistas tabagistas

Abstract

A qualidade de vida (QV) de trabalhadores do trânsito tem sido foco de atenção, sendo os motociclistas os mais susceptíveis a acidentes e exposição a poluentes. Esses fatores, somados à prática tabagista, podem gerar transtornos respiratórios e influenciar na QV do trabalhador. Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida de mototaxistas tabagistas e não tabagistas. Método: Estudo longitudinal e epidemiológico, de abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido com 95 mototaxistas de Jataí, no sudoeste goiano, Brasil, realizado em duas etapas entre 2014 e 2015, utilizando um questionário para avaliar características sociodemográficas e ocupacionais e percepção da saúde dos mototaxistas e o questionário WHOQOL-Bref. Os dados foram analisados nos programas Statistical Package for Social Sciences ® e STATA ® , por meio de testes estatísticos, considerando os valores de p<0,05 significantes. Resultados: A maioria era do sexo masculino (98,9%), não fumava (89,5%), já havia se acidentado (67,4%); a idade média era de 39,1 anos, e 48,5% deles tinham boa percepção de saúde. O escore de domínio físico reduziu (86,07 versus 74,28; p=0,091) e o escore do domínio ambiental aumentou (58,43 versus 64,06; p=0,285) entre tabagistas. Entre os não tagagistas, o escore do do domínio físico reduziu (79,87 versus 76,38; p=0,014) e do domínio ambiental aumentou (58,27 versus 67,32; p<0,001). Houve associação entre a idade e o uso de tabaco com a QV no domínio físico (p=0,014; 0,027). Conclusão: Os mototaxistas estão expostos a diversos fatores que podem influenciar sua condição de vida e seu trabalho, tornando necessária a adoção de novas políticas públicas de saúde com vistas a essa classe trabalhadora. Palavras-chave | tabagismo; saúde do trabalhador; qualidade de vida; saúde pública; motocicletas. ABSTRACT | Background:The quality of life (QoL) of traffic and transit workers has been a focus of much attention; motorcyclists are the workers most susceptible to accidents and exposure to pollutants. These factors added to smoking might result in respiratory disorders and influence the workers' QoL. Objective: To analyze the QoL of smoking or not motorcycle taxi drivers. Method: Longitudinal and epidemiological study with quantitative approach conducted with 95 motorcycle taxi drivers from Jatai, southeastern Goias, Brazil, in two stages in 2014 and 2015. We administered a questionnaire to collect sociodemographic and occupational data and self-perceived state of health, and WHOQOL-BREF. Statistical analysis was performed with software Statistical Package for Social Sciences ® and STATA ® ; the significance level was set to p<0.05. Results: Most participants were male (98.9%), nonsmokers (89.5%), had already suffered work accidents (67.4%); their average age was 39.1 years old, and 48.5% described their state of health as good. The score on the physical health domain of QoL decreased (from 86.07 to 74.28; p=0.091) and the one on the environment domain increased (from 58.43 to 64.06; p=0.285) among smokers. Also among nonsmokers the score on doma...

Fatigue in taxi drivers and its relationship with traffic accident history and experiences: a cross-sectional study in the north of Iran

“…Moreover, another study proves that former smokers are statistically indistinguishable from never-smokers regarding reduced work productivity [ 23 ]. In a study, smoking taxi drivers’ QOL scores decreased in physical health but increased in the environment [ 24 ]. Paradoxically, a study reported a relationship between drivers’ QOL and pain and discomfort of dependence on medication or therapy methods and ability to work [ 25 ].…”

“…In another study, in the study of the relationship between the education level variable and drivers’ quality of life, the p-value for the education level variable was close to the significance threshold, which was due to a weak relationship. Drivers with lower education levels reported more work-related accidents and lower quality of life [ 24 ]. Although in previous studies, drivers’ QOL was not significantly related to their level of education [ 28 , 29 ], the previous studies explicitly clarified the importance of education.…”

“…However, the absenteeism rate was higher among motorcycle taxi drivers aged 21–29 and 30–39 years [ 31 ]. In another study, in the analysis of the relationship between demographic factors and quality of life, a statistically significant relationship was observed between age and quality of life, which means that older drivers had more work-related accidents and, as a result, reported a lower QOL [ 24 ].…”

Perceived stress by mototaxi drivers and its relationship with sociodemographic and occupational characteristics

“…The characteristics of motorcycle taxi drivers’ working hours and occupational stressors may also favor the adoption of unhealthy lifestyles, such as the lack of specific times for meals, sleep and rest; having meals on the street, encouraging the consumption of high-calorie and ultra-processed foods; lack of time or inclination for leisure-time physical activity; permanence for excessive time in sedentary behavior, exposure to smoking ( 14 ) ; and excessive alcohol consumption ( 15 ) . Thus, occupational activity and its interaction with environmental, behavioral and genetic factors may imply a higher level of stress and constitute predictors of cardiovascular risk ( 3 , 14 , 16 ) .…”

“…There is still a lack of knowledge in the literature about the perceived level of stress in motorcycle taxi drivers and its relationship with sociodemographic and occupational characteristics, including, in the latter, the variables of working hours and occupational stressors. The few studies involving this class of workers explored the occurrence of traffic accidents (14,(17)(18)(19) or focused on occupational stressors as the main exposure to outcomes such as quality of life, ability to work and level of physical activity (3)(4)(5) .…”