Avaliação experimental e modelagem matemática de filtros anaeróbios como alternativa de baixo custo para remoção de algas de efluentes de lagoas de estabilização
Abstract:RESUMO Nesta pesquisa, estudou-se o desempenho de três filtros biológicos anaeróbios com novos e diferentes meios de suporte em tempos de detenção hidráulica (TDH) distintos (5,5 e 11,1 horas), objetivando a remoção de algas de efluentes de lagoas de estabilização. O considerável desempenho no pós-tratamento (remoções de até 77,4%) pode ser atribuído à atuação dos mecanismos de sedimentação, retenção física e assimilação biológica. Foi desenvolvido um modelo de decaimento para clorofila com base na simplificaç… Show more
“…One of the impediments to the adoption of real-scale anaerobic filters refers to the cost of the filler material as a support media, and it is possible 562 Treatment of swine... OZA, E. F., et al to achieve the same magnitude of the filter construction (TONETTI et al, 2011). In this sense, research has been carried out using low cost materials and those with high availability as media for anaerobic filters, such as building waste (CAMPOS et al, 2008), bamboo rings (TONETTI et al, 2011;2012), blast furnace slag (FIA et al, 2010), luffa sponge (FERNANDES et al, 2015), and plastic corrugated conduit rings (ARAÚJO et al, 2016). With the exception of Fia et al (2010), which used coffee wastewater, all the authors mentioned using anaerobic filters in the domestic sewage treatment.…”
Research using anaerobic filters as alternative materials to gravel becomes fundamental, especially if they are low cost, accessible and have high efficiency in the treatment of swine wastewater. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of anaerobic filters with different types of support media, as an alternative to gravel, in the treatment of swine wastewater. We carried out the experiment in a completely randomized design. The treatments were composed of anaerobic filters with four different media (gravel, bamboo, luffa sponge and foam), three replications in a time-repeated measurements scheme (0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 days post-filter establishment). To determine the efficiency of removal by the filters, we performed analysis of turbidity, total solids, biochemical oxygen demand (bod), total n and total p in the affluent to and effluent from the filters. Among the alternative media, bamboo presented an efficiency of removal of the evaluated attributes similar and, in most cases, superior to gravel. From 60 to 180 days of filter operation, the luffa sponge remained with high turbidity and total solids removals, with the greatest decrease at 240 days of operation. After two months of filter operation, the alternative support media exhibited bod and total n removal similar to that of gravel. At 240 days of operation, the filters containing luffa sponge and bamboo showed the highest total p removal.
“…One of the impediments to the adoption of real-scale anaerobic filters refers to the cost of the filler material as a support media, and it is possible 562 Treatment of swine... OZA, E. F., et al to achieve the same magnitude of the filter construction (TONETTI et al, 2011). In this sense, research has been carried out using low cost materials and those with high availability as media for anaerobic filters, such as building waste (CAMPOS et al, 2008), bamboo rings (TONETTI et al, 2011;2012), blast furnace slag (FIA et al, 2010), luffa sponge (FERNANDES et al, 2015), and plastic corrugated conduit rings (ARAÚJO et al, 2016). With the exception of Fia et al (2010), which used coffee wastewater, all the authors mentioned using anaerobic filters in the domestic sewage treatment.…”
Research using anaerobic filters as alternative materials to gravel becomes fundamental, especially if they are low cost, accessible and have high efficiency in the treatment of swine wastewater. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of anaerobic filters with different types of support media, as an alternative to gravel, in the treatment of swine wastewater. We carried out the experiment in a completely randomized design. The treatments were composed of anaerobic filters with four different media (gravel, bamboo, luffa sponge and foam), three replications in a time-repeated measurements scheme (0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 days post-filter establishment). To determine the efficiency of removal by the filters, we performed analysis of turbidity, total solids, biochemical oxygen demand (bod), total n and total p in the affluent to and effluent from the filters. Among the alternative media, bamboo presented an efficiency of removal of the evaluated attributes similar and, in most cases, superior to gravel. From 60 to 180 days of filter operation, the luffa sponge remained with high turbidity and total solids removals, with the greatest decrease at 240 days of operation. After two months of filter operation, the alternative support media exhibited bod and total n removal similar to that of gravel. At 240 days of operation, the filters containing luffa sponge and bamboo showed the highest total p removal.
“…Stabilization ponds in Brazil are the most comprehensive systems for domestic sewage treatment, mainly in the northeastern semiarid region, because they have a low-cost implementation process and easy operation (ARAÚJO et al, 2016). The variants of these systems are the anaerobic, aeration, facultative, and maturation ponds (LUCENA et al, 2018).…”
Water deficit is a current problem of global relevance. This is a problem in Brazil, especially in the Semiarid region, which undergoes severe droughts for much of the year. This requires the search for alternatives, such as the planned wastewater use, which is a successful alternative in developed countries that is applied for various purposes, including agriculture. However, despite the increasing growth of agriculture in Brazil, there are no established control and monitoring policies to minimize its impacts on the environment and human health. The country does not have specific legislation that defines wastewater quality parameters for domestic sewage. The objective of this work was to compile international guidelines and legislations that address this issue and compare them with the national normative resolutions for quality of wastewater and its different uses. The most relevant and locally applicable parameters described in these documents were listed, and the reference limits were defined by comparing them with those found in the scientific literature applied to the Brazilian context. This compilation represents the first step towards the incorporation of regulations for water reuse, having the Brazilian Semiarid region as a first test field, but with expandable application to different regions of the country.
“…Stabilization lagoons are passive systems built to treat wastewater by biological processes (Florentino et al, 2019); they are used for the upgrading of liquid effluents from domestic, agricultural and industrial sources (Jimoh et al, 2019;Nuñez and Fragoso, 2020). Due to the low implementation cost, ease of operation, minimal energy consumption and high efficiency in the reduction of pathogenic organisms, this is the type of wastewater treatment most used in underdeveloped countries (Araújo et al, 2016;Li et al, 2018;Romero and Castillo, 2018). There are generally three types of lagoon systems: anaerobic, facultative and maturation or aerobic, each with different design and treatment characteristics (Dos Santos and Van Haandel, 2021;Matsumoto and Sánchez, 2016).…”
This research evaluated the wastewater treatment system of the Punta Carnero sector, in relation to pollutant efficiency load removal, final effluent quality and impact on the ecosystem, and finally to determine if the final discharge can be reused for agricultural irrigation. The research was based on the affluent and effluent characterization of the system, carried out in three phases: i) Taking of simple samples, analyzed in an accredited water laboratory and analysis of the contaminant loads efficiency; ii) Review of results compared to the Table of “Discharge limits to a freshwater receiving body”; iii) Examination of results based on the “Water Quality Criteria for Agricultural Irrigation” Table of the Ecuadorian regulation TULSMA (2015). BOD (62.42%), COD (62.41%) and FC (53.58%) removal efficiencies did not comply with current Ecuadorian regulations. The quality of the effluent with respect to the parameters evaluated for discharges to a freshwater receiving body denoted a non-optimal quality of final discharge, negatively impacting the ecosystem. Finally, the evaluation determined parameters that exceed the water quality criteria for agricultural irrigation allowed: Oils-Fats (5.65 mg/l), FC (62,900 NMP/100ml), Hg (0.00141 mg/l), OD (8.86 mg/l). After evaluating the wastewater treatment system, it was determined that the pollutant load removal efficiency and effluent quality is not optimal for discharge into a receiving water body, so it’s not suitable for reuse in agricultural irrigation.
Keywords: affluent, effluent, water quality.
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