Avaliação das condições ambientais no laboratório de anatomia patológica de um hospital universitário no município do Rio de Janeiro

Abstract

Introdução: Em laboratórios de anatomia patológica existem diversos tipos de riscos ambientais e ocupacionais. Tais riscos podem estar associados a acidentes do trabalho ou doenças ocupacionais. Objetivos: Identificar e avaliar os riscos do processo de trabalho, estimulando a percepção dos mesmos pelos trabalhadores. Métodos: Foi realizado o levantamento dos processos, fluxos de serviços, equipamentos, instalações, produtos, materiais, resíduos, equipes de trabalho e atividades dos trabalhadores. A seguir foram realizadas as medições dos agentes, elaborando-se a representação gráfica do mapa de riscos. Resultados: Observou-se a presença de riscos químicos, físicos, biológicos, acidentários e inadequações ergonômicas. Conclusão: Os riscos de natureza química e biológica foram identificados como principais no processo de trabalho. Também foi verificada a necessidade de reformas e maiores investimentos na aquisição de equipamentos de proteção individual e coletiva visando à melhoria das condições de trabalho. A adesão a normas de biossegurança e a inserção de programas de educação continuada são indispensáveis no processo de redução dos riscos ambientais e ocupacionais. resumo unitermos Saúde do trabalhador Higiene do trabalho Riscos ambientais Mapa de riscos Laboratórios de anatomia patológicaabstract Background: In pathological anatomy laboratories, there are several kinds of environmental and occupational hazards, which can be associated with work accidents and occupational diseases. Objectives: To identify and assess work process risks in order to raise workers' awareness. Methods: It was carried out an investigation into work processes, flow of services, equipment, site, products, materials, residues, work teams and workers' activities. Subsequently, the agents were assessed and the graphic representation of the risk map was developed. Results: The presence of chemical, physical, biological and accidental risks and ergonomic inadequacies were observed.

A critical analysis of biosafety regulation implementation in various settings

“…In this way, contrary to what usually happens, the map could be made by the workers with a specialist in the area, which would increase their involvement and awareness. 10 This study used a brief questionnaire as a tool for student evaluation, as in the study by Costa e Costa, 11 which used a questionnaire to analyze the faculty' and students' perceptions of biosafety-related teaching-learning processes.…”

Biosafety in autopsy room: an systematic review

“…Non-height adjustable tables demands inadequate postures or use of platforms. When it is not possible to adjust the height, use lifting elements, with supports and non-slip surfaces, avoiding improvisations with boxes (17,20,21).…”

Mapa de risco como instrumento para a identificação de riscos ocupacionais: revisão integrativa da literatura

“…17 The realization of hygiene of patients and the environment as insufficient cleanliness of the toilets, air conditioning and the environment, are also major risk factors, as well as the air like pathogen transmission vehicle was cited in research. 13,17,22 Two articles report the risk of biological contamination in health professionals working in laboratories: contamination by pathogens through contact or risk falling bottles, glasses and other contaminated materials.…”

“…12,14,22 The patient care also generate risks as not ergonomic postures, repetitive physical effort, automatic attitude, excessive risk during the proceedings and the risk of falls. 13-4, 16-8, 23 These excessive risk may contribute to the osteoarticular incidence disorders, back pain, dorsal, shoulders and neck, causing long-term deformation of the spine and joint problems such as tendonitis, bursitis, or even irritation and stress.…”

“…6 The accession of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) were cited in eleven (11) items, report the importance of the proper use during exercise specific work of each profession, they are the best way to prevent accidents and exposure to occupational hazards related to biological factors, as they help to avoid contact with body fluids, the PPE cited were: gloves, apron, mask and eye protection when coming into contact with infected patient body fluids or not. [2][3]6,11,[13][14]18,20,[22][23]26 Another research by a collective discussion on the occupational hazards included strategies of how to prevent them: As for the chemicals could is correctly identified and stored with chips mismatch on guidelines and safe handling of potentially toxic substances and guidance procedures to be adopted in case of accidents and/or poisoning. Also suggests the development and dissemination of standards for the transport of biological materials and chemicals.…”