Avaliação da toxicidade da amônia em um policultivo do litopenaeus vannamei e spirulina platensis

Abstract

Avaliação da toxicidade da amônia em um policultivo do litopenaeus vannamei e spirulina platensis Evaluation of ammonia toxicity in a policulture of litopenaeus vannamei and spirulina platensis

Phytorremediation of urban and fish farming wastewater and growth performance responses of Litopenaeus vannamei using microalgae Chlorella vulgaris

“…In contrast, STS was not efficient in the removal of ammonia and phosphorus, above recommended for the correct disposal of effluents (Brasil, 2005), being indicated a longer phytoremediation time for a possible reduction of these parameters (Table 8). Silva et al (2020a), Ge et al (2016 and Maliwat et al (2021), demonstrate the positive effects on water quality and shrimp performance when using C. vulgaris, in water resources management, profitability and public health.…”

“…The animals were maintained in tanks of 100 L under constantly aerated by radial blower and aerotubes, resulting in a concentration above 5.0 mg L − 1 of dissolved oxygen, in a density of 70 shrimps m -3 , fed four times per day (8:00, 11:00, 14:00 and 16:00 h) offering to T1 commercial feed (C-Feed) with 35% crude protein, T2 and T3 with commercial feed plus addition of 5.0% dry biomass of C. vulgaris, after pretreatment with sonication to break the cell wall, cultivated in effluents of FF-Feed and STS-Feed, respectively (Table 1). The T2 and T3 feed formulation followed the method described by Silva et al (2020a). conversion rate (FCR), survival (%), final biomass (g), productivity (kg m −3 ) and bioremediation potential (%).…”

“…At the end of experiment were calculated, mean final weight (g), daily weight gain (mg day -1 ), feed According to Silva et al (2020a), after inoculation of a microalgae in a nutrient-enriched culture medium, population grows over time, generally presents a curve with five distinct phases. This nutrient absorption capacity demonstrates the efficiency of C. vulgaris in the treatment of effluents, being important in the management of water resources, as the effluent discarded will respect environmental standards, reducing costs and the load of toxic and pathogenic nutrients in the environment.…”