AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE FISIOLÓGICA DE SEMENTES DE <i>Moringa oleifera </i>Lam.

Abstract

RESUMOOs principais testes que avaliam a qualidade de sementes são destrutivos e exigem um tempo relativamente longo para serem concluídos. A análise de imagens de sementes por meio de raios X representa uma alternativa para este setor, sendo uma técnica reproduzível e rápida, permite maior agilidade e autonomia nas atividades dos sistemas de produção. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a morfologia interna de sementes de moringa por meio de imagens radiografadas e compará-la aos testes de germinação e vigor. Foram utilizados quatro lotes de sementes, coletadas em árvores-matrizes na região de Macaíba -RN, posteriormente radiografadas e as imagens analisadas através do software ImageJ e, após a radiografia, submetidas aos testes de germinação, primeira contagem e índice de velocidade de germinação e comprimento e massa seca de plântulas. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições por lote e os resultados obtidos neste experimento para os testes de germinação e vigor foram comparados com o percentual de área livre no interior da semente. Os lotes 1, 2 e 4 tiveram melhor resultado para os testes de germinação e vigor e o lote 3 mostrou-se de qualidade inferior. Observou-se que quanto maior a área livre no interior das sementes, menor a qualidade dos lotes de moringa testados. A análise de imagens radiografadas de sementes de moringa, com o software ImageJ, permite a mensuração das áreas preenchidas e áreas livres no interior da semente assim como a associação entre estas e a germinação. Danos internos severos, malformação e grau de preenchimento detectados nos raios X podem ser associados à baixa germinação e à redução do comprimento de plântulas. Palavras-chave: germinação; imagens digitais; vigor; raios X. ABSTRACTThe main tests that assess the quality of seeds are destructive and require a relatively long time to complete. The analysis of seed images by X-ray is an alternative to this sector, with a reproducible and fast technique, which allows greater flexibility and autonomy to the activities of production systems. The aim of this study was to analyze the internal morphology of Moringa seeds by x-rayed images and to compare it to germination and vigor tests. Four seed lots were used, collected from trees matrixes in Macaíba region, RN state, and subsequently X-rayed and the images were analyzed using ImageJ software after the radiography, submitted to the germination test, first count, germination speed index and length and dry mass of seedlings. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four replicates per lot and the results obtained in this experiment for germination and vigor tests were compared with the free area percentage inside the seed. Lots 1, 2 and 4 had a better result for the germination and vigor tests and lot 3 proved to be of inferior quality. It was observed that the higher the open area inside the seeds was, the lower was the quality of the tested lots of Moringa. The x-rayed image analysis of Moringa seeds with the ImageJ so...

Parameters based on X-ray images to assess the physical and physiological quality of Leucaena leucocephala seeds

“…Application of the X-ray test in seeds of forest species such as Moringa oleifera (Noronha;Pereira, 2018), Senna multijuga (Marchi;Gomes Junior, 2017), and Terminalia argentea (Gomes et al, 2014) also showed a relationship between the internal morphology of the seeds and their physiological quality. However, other parameters of assessment were used to characterize the internal morphology of the seeds, such as identification of full seeds and malformed seeds, damage by insect predation, percentage of empty internal area, and embryo size.…”

“…The use of parameters such as relative density, integrated density, and descriptive features of shape associated with semi-automated tools, such as ImageJ ® , effectively contributed to reduction in time of assessment of seed quality, as well as totally removed the error inherent to subjectivity of the analyst, which, according to Gomes-Junior (2010), is a current concern of research for the purpose of establishing greater reliability of the results obtained. Studies performed on Moringa oleífera (Noronha;Pereira, 2018) and Acca sellowiana (Silva et al, 2013) showed the potential of the ImageJ ® software in evaluation of radiographs directed to determination of empty and filled areas of the internal cavity of the seed, relating them to seed physiological quality. Prado-Alves et al (2018) also indicated ImageJ ® as a good alternative in aiding identification of differences in physiological potential of seed lots of scarlet eggplant (Solanum gilo) in different stages of maturity.…”

“…The X-ray technique indicates the radiodensity of the tissues, i.e., the mean absorption of X-rays by the tissues reflected in the image in tones of gray. Studies that use the X-ray technique with seeds of forest species generally examine variables such as percentage of occupied space in the internal cavity of the seed (Noronha;Pereira, 2018;Silva at al., 2013), size of the embryo (Marchi;Gomes Junior, 2017), and identification of full seeds and of embryonic abnormalities (Gomes et al, 2014) because they are associated with the physical and physiological quality of the seeds. Nevertheless, when these variables are obtained manually, the process is very slow and may generate errors in readings, especially because of the subjective interpretations made by the analysts.…”

“…ImageJ ® is a pioneer software as an open tool for analysis of scientific images (Schneider;Rasband;Eliceiri, 2012) and has recently shown potential for application in analysis of radiographic images of seeds of Acca sellowiana O. Berg (Silva et al, 2013), Moringa oleifera Lam. (Noronha;Pereira, 2018), and Brassica oleraceae L. (Abud;Gomes Junior, 2018). The software allows quantification of empty areas and filled areas, measurements of shape and texture, and determination of pixel density in radiographic images, physical parameters that may be related to the physiological quality of seeds.…”

Monitoring the Maturation of Crambe Seeds Using X-ray Image Analysis

“…Recent studies have demonstrated the efficiency of X-ray technique for application in various studies with seeds [4][5][6][7]. However, the radiographs analysis may be compromised when radiographic images are evaluated by human visual, since the process is slow and can generate interpretation errors [6].…”