Avaliação da qualidade da dieta de atletas de esportes coletivos

Abstract

-Few studies about food consumption of athletes have assessed the quality of their food choices, and the factors that influence these choices. The aim of this study was to assess the diet of team sports athletes through a revised version of the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-R) in order to identify their nutritional knowledge and the stage of intention to change eating behavior (SICEB) and to identify possible association with demographic and anthropometric variables. Seventy-two athletes (35 men) were evaluated for the following variables: body mass, height, Body Mass Index (BMI), body fat percentage (BF%), nutritional knowledge (questionnaire), food intake (24-hour recall), diet quality (HEI-R) and SICEB (transtheoretical model). For statistical analysis, the Student t test and the Pearson correlation coefficient were used. None of the athletes presented diet classified as "healthy" and 45.7% (men) and 51.4% (women) had "inadequate" diets. Low consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, milk and dairy products was observed. The HEI-R "meats, legumes and eggs" component received the best scores. Pre-contemplation (25.0%) and action (23.6%) stages were the most frequent in the group. The mean percentage of correct answers in the nutritional knowledge questionnaire was 55.7% (men) and 57.3% (women). No association was found between HEI-R and variables age, BMI, BF%, SICEB, nutritional knowledge score and energy intake. This group presents inadequate dietary intake. The lack of association between study variables indicates the need to investigate other factors that influence athlete's feeding behavior. Key words: Athletes; Cross-sectional studies; Feeding; Feeding behavior. Resumo -Poucos estudos sobre o consumo alimentar de atletas avaliam a qualidade dos alimentos selecionados e os fatores que interferem nessas escolhas. Objetivou-se avaliar a dieta de atletas de esportes coletivos por meio do Índice de Qualidade da Dieta -Revisado (IQD-R), identificar seu conhecimento nutricional, estágio de intenção de mudança de comportamento alimentar (EIMCA) e identificar possíveis associações com variáveis demográficas e de antropometria. Foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis em 72 atletas (35 homens): massa corporal (MC), estatura, IMC, percentual de gordura (%G), conhecimento nutricional (questionário), consumo alimentar (recordatório de 24-horas), qualidade da dieta (IQD-R) e EIMCA (modelo transteórico). Para a análise estatística empregou-se o teste t de

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“…Furthermore, most of the diets analyzed in our study were rich in cholesterol. This can be explained by the high intake of food of animal origin containing cholesterol and saturated fatty acids, especially eggs and meat products, which has also been observed by other authors [ 48 ].…”

Impact of an Interdisciplinary Food, Nutrition and Health Education Program for adolescent Brazilian volleyball players

“…Nutrition knowledge was assessed through a validated questionnaire containing multiple-choice questions about healthy eating, food groups, and nutrient composition (macro and micronutrients), and a five-point Likert scale with 18 statements based on beliefs about sports nutrition 7 . Each correct answer was assigned one point, with a maximum possible score of 53 points.…”

“…Understanding what governs these food choices allows the professional team to provide support and alternatives to motivate the adoption and maintenance of an adequate diet for athletic performance and health 5 . Furthermore, to know if and when athletes intend http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-98652016000400011 to change their eating habits, and only then plan the diet intervention, is also pointed out as important for the professional sports team 7 .…”

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“…Specifically, the consumption of bread was higher in national players (71.4% ate bread at least 5-6 times per week), while half of the international players reported an intake less than 2 times per week. Such consumption patterns -with an intake lower than the recommended daily rations for cereals, fruits, and vegetables -have been reported for badminton and basketball players at Spanish universities (Redondo del Río, 2016), adolescent Brazilian badminton players (da Silva, de Castro, & Freitas, 2007), Spanish elite female canoeists (Alacid et al, 2014) English soccer players (Ono, Kennedy, Reeves, & Cronin, 2012), and members of Brazilian basketball, futsal, handball, and volleyball teams (Jürgensen, Daniel, Padovani, Lourenço, &Juzwiak, 2015).…”