Avaliação da aprendizagem de conceitos astronômicos no ensino fundamental

Abstract

The curricular proposal of the State of São Paulo (Brazil) suggests for Elementary Education in the discipline of Sciences contents related to Astronomy. In a public basic school in Santo André, an analysis was realized to examine the previous knowledge of three classes of the 6th year. Only 19,0% of the students reached the minimal satisfactory note. In the same year, the contents were presented with different teaching strategies. In one class, an expository lesson with audiovisual aids was applied, in a second class an expository lesson with dialog and in the third one, a research by means of didactical books was conducted, elaborated using instruments and signs of agreement the intellectual development proposed by Vygotsky. The case study methodology was used to investigate and analyze the students' performance and analysis of variance (ANOVA) to test which strategy was most efficient. After the approach, it was observed that there was an improvement in the performance of the pupils, however the statistical difference between the three strategies was not significant. By this study it became possible to undertake analyses of learning and teaching strategies to improve the astronomy education in the discipline of science.

Astronomía práctica en la Enseñanza Fundamental

“…De inicio los alumnos presentaron resistencia al cuestionario, pues escuela no utilizaba aplicación de cuestionarios como forma de evaluación, y están retornando a esa práctica este año, con lo que se explicó que el cuestionario era algo fuera del currículo de la escuela y que sería para el cierre del contenido de Astronomía (Poffo et al, 2019).…”

Olimpíada Brasileira de Astronomia do Ensino Médio: entre textos e contextos

“…A astronomia é um tema que desperta o interesse das pessoas desde a antiguidade, sendo muitos de seus fenômenos perceptíveis em nosso cotidiano, como as estações do ano, as marés, o dia e a noite, as fases da lua, entre outros. Esta é uma temática que tem sido abordada por diferentes meios de divulgação científica (exposições, documentários e filmes) e também em âmbito de pesquisas acadêmicas (Aroca, 2009;Marrone Junior & Trevisan, 2009;Poffo, Voelzke & Macêdo, 2019). Fato é que, para além de interesses pessoais ou mera curiosidade, os fenômenos astronômicos influenciam diretamente a vida na Terra e a forma como nos relacionamos na sociedade (Kantor, 2001;Carvalho & Pacca, 2013).…”