Avaliação da ação de uma virose na produção e qualidade de tubérculos de batata-doce

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The Western region of São Paulo State, Brazil, is responsible for approximately 40% of the production of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) in the state, even under lowtechnology. The study aimed to evaluate the impact of viruses on sweet potato production variables. The experiment was conducted in Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil, in a commercial sweet potato crop of pink group, cv. Canadense, with and without virus. In three randomly chosen plots of 10 x 4 m in each half of the field (with and without virus), ten central plants were randomly collected. The number, weight, length and diameter were evaluated. The plots without virus produced 50% more tubers and 100% more weight during harvesting. Tubers obtained from virus-free seedlings showed a greater mass (p < 0.01), height (p < 0.01) and mean diameter (p < 0.05) than those harvested from infected plants. From free-of-virus seedlings, 65% of tubers were classified as 2A (150 to 299 g), the standard that represents 70% of the trading volume at a Food Market place, which provides greater profitability to the producer. KEYWORDS:Ipomoea batatas; quality; virus; market. RESUMO:O oeste do estado de São Paulo responde por cerca de 40% da produção estadual de batata-doce, mesmo sem a adoção, pelos agricultores da região, de tecnologias fundamentais para o aumento da produtividade. Este trabalho avaliou o impacto de viroses sobre variáveis da produção de batata-doce. O experimento foi conduzido em área comercial no município de Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brasil, utilizando plantas de Ipomoea batatas L., grupo rosada, cv. Canadense. Como material de propagação foram utilizadas mudas livres de vírus produzidas em viveiros e mudas originadas de lavoura comercial infectada por vírus. Na colheita foram demarcadas três parcelas de 10 x 4 m em cada uma das metades do campo (com e sem vírus), quando se avaliou, aleatoriamente, número, massa, comprimento e diâmetro dos tubérculos de dez plantas localizadas na área central de cada parcela. As parcelas sem vírus produziram cerca de 50% a mais e o dobro em massa (kg) de tubérculos colhidos em relação aos provenientes das parcelas com vírus. Os tubérculos obtidos das plantas não infectadas apresentaram maior massa (p < 0,01), comprimento (p < 0,01) e diâmetro médio (p < 0,05) do que os colhidos das plantas infectadas. Foi constatada também uma frequência de 65% de tubérculos com classificação 2A (150 a 299 g) para o grupo rosada-CEAGESP, que representa 70% do volume comercializado no CEAGESP, o que confere maior lucratividade ao produtor. Ipomoea batatas; qualidade; vírus; mercado. Avaliação da ação de uma virose na produção e qualidade de tubérculos de batata-doce PALAVRAS-CHAVE:

Rooting of sweet potato seedlings submitted to supplemental calcium and phosphorus nutrition on substrate

“…In the mini cutting system, the seedlings have better sanity (Montes, 2012) which results in greater yields in the field (Rós et al, 2012;Montes et al, 2015). However, as the nutritional status of seedlings plays an important role in the phases of induction and root formation (Cunha et al, 2009), crop nutritional management in this phase is very important.…”

Productivity and quality of sweet potato roots cultivation with and without chicken manure

“…Thus, the maximum productive potential of the cultivar Crioula, a cultivar with medium productivity, was not reached, and it may be associated with the low health of the seedlings and its great genetic variability. According to Montes, Paulo and Montes R. (2015) it is important to check the health of sweet potato seedlings, because when infected with viruses they present low production and lower commercial value. Martins et al (2014), showed that sweet potato presents high genetic diversity among its clones, varying from the place of origin of the material and due to the occurrence of natural crossings of the materials, intensifying the disease problems.…”

“…Equal lowercase letters in the lines, between the fertilization conditions, for each cultivar, do not differ from each other by the T test 5%.However, among the virus-free sweet potato cultivars, there was no statistical difference for the number of roots; Rubissol and Cuia had a greater number of cracks; Longest rubissol and gourd with the largest diameter. Cultivar Crioula produced the smallest number, size, length of roots and cracked roots, regardless of the cultivation condition Montes, Paulo Montes R. (2015). report that cultivars without clonal cleaning of viruses have low productivity, related to the smaller number and weight of roots, limiting production and, consequently, the commercial value due to a greater amount of small and deformed roots.…”

Biochemical responses to chilling injury in sweet potato after cold storage

“…Two sweet potato cultivars, BRS Amélia and BRS Rubissol, were evaluated from the Embrapa Clima Temperado Agricultural Research Corporation. The genotypes were grown from January to June 2018 in an experimental area at the Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil (20°45′49″ S and 42°49′28″ W, 650 m above sea level), following the recommended crop management practices (Montes, 2013). The roots were harvested and manually selected 160 days after transplanting.…”