Availability of Sulfur Amino Acids in Corn and Corn Gluten Meal for Growing Chicks

Sasse, C.; Baker, David H.

doi:10.2527/jas1973.3761351x

Cited by 63 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…This would result in an overestimation of the availability of methionine in the test ingredient. As pointed out by Sasse and Baker (1973), it is likewise important to use both methionine and cystine in constructing the standard availability curve, since neither Dnor L-methionine is as effective a source of cystine as cystine itself. Hence, a mixture of L-methionine and L-cystine should be used to construct the standard curve for sulfur amino acid availability assays.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Thus, if the two isomers are not nutritionally equivalent, a given level of supplementation may be either inadequate to attain the desired response or more than adequate and thus uneconomical. Secondly, the use of a standard curve obtained with crystalline amino acids is often used in determining the availability of an amino acid in a particular food or feedstuff (Sasse and Baker, 1973). Again if the isomers are not equally utilized, an over-or underestimation of sulfur amino acid availability could occur.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of d-, l- and dl-Methionine for Growth of Chicks Fed Crystalline Amino Acid Diets

Katz

Baker

1975

Poultry Science

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Four assays employing young male chicks were conducted to evaluate the relative efficacy of D-, L- and DL-methionine and to estimate the requirement for D- and L-methionine when serving as the sole source of sulfur amino acids or when added to a diet containing 0.27% L-cystine. Crystalline amino acid diets containing 14.9% protein equivalent and 4200 kcal. M.E./kg. were used in all assays. L-methionine supported faster and more efficient gains than D- or L-methionine when fed at levels below thhe requirement. At levels of supplementation near the requirement, however, equal efficacy was attained. When serving as the sole source of sulfur amino acids, the requirement as estimated by least squares for optimal gain was 0.58% of the diet or 104 mg./day for L-methionine and 0.59% or 104 mg./day for D-methionine. In the presence of cystine, the requirements were estimated at 0.27% or 49 mg./day and 0.30% or 52 mg./day for L- and D-methionine respectively. The results indicate that at lower levels of supplementation, L-methionine is a better source of sulfur amino acids than D-methionine. On the other hand, L- and D-methionine appear to have equal efficacy when incorporated into diets that are only marginally deficient in sulfur-bearing amino acids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of d-, l- and dl-Methionine for Growth of Chicks Fed Crystalline Amino Acid Diets

Katz

Baker

1975

Poultry Science

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“…CGM is the dried residue after the removal of bran, germ and starch [3]. CGM could be an excellent source of dietary protein, since nearly 600 g/kg of the dry matter is crude protein and the sulphur amino acids are highly digestible by several animal species [4, 5]. Several research papers have been published, describing the digestibility of CGM by non-ruminants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several research papers have been published, describing the digestibility of CGM by non-ruminants. CGM has often been added to broiler chick diets because it is a good source of sulphur amino acids and is highly available [4]. In the study of Knabe et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Protease Addition and Replacement of Soybean Meal by Corn Gluten Meal on the Growth of Broilers and on the Environmental Performances of a Broiler Production System in Greece

Giannenas

Bonos²,

Anestis

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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An experimental study was conducted to examine the combined effects of adding a dietary protease, reducing the levels of soybean meal (SBM) and introducing corn gluten meal (CGM) in the ration of a group of broilers reared on a commercial Greek farm. Five hundred forty chicks were divided into three dietary treatments with six replicates of thirty birds each. The first group (Control) was fed a conventional diet based on corn and soybean meal, containing 21% w/w crude protein (CP). The second group (Soy-Prot) was supplied a corn and SBM-based diet containing a lower level of CP (20% w/w) and 200 mg of the protease RONOZYME® Proact per kg of feed. The third group (Gluten-Prot) was fed a diet without soybean-related constituents which was based on corn and CGM and with CP and protease contents identical to those of the diet of the Soy-Prot group. Body weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), intestinal microbiota populations and morphology, meat quality and cost were evaluated. Furthermore, a partial life cycle assessment (LCA) was performed in order to assess the potential environmental performance of the systems defined by these three dietary treatments and identify their environmental hot-spots. The growth performance of the broilers supplied the Soy-Prot diet was similar to the broilers supplied the Control diet. However, the broilers which were fed the Gluten-Prot diet at the end of the trial showed a tendency (P≤0.010) for lower weight gain and feed intake compared to those of the Control diet. When compared to the Control group, lower counts of C. perfringens (P≤0.05) were detected in the ileum and cecum parts, and lower counts of F. necrophorum (P≤0.001) were detected in the cecum part of the birds from the Gluten-Prot group. The evaluation of intestinal morphometry showed that the villus height and crypt depth values were not significantly different (P>0.05) among the experimental groups for the duodenum, jejunum and ileum parts. No significant differences (P>0.05) were observed in the quality of the breast and thigh meat and in the feed cost per kg body weight gain for the total duration of the growth period between the Control and Gluten-Prot broiler groups. The LCA suggested that the ammonia and nitrous oxide emissions due to litter handling constitute the farm level hot-spots for the Acidification and Eutrophication Potentials of the Control and Soy-Prot systems and the Global Warming Potential of the Gluten-Prot system, respectively. The Latin American soybean production and domestic corn production and lignite mining are important off-farm polluting processes for the studied life cycles. The Soy-Prot and Gluten-Prot systems both performed better than the Control system in nine of Environmental Impact Category Indicators assessed, with the respective differences being generally larger for the Gluten-Prot system. The environmental impact estimates are regarded as initial, indicative figures due to their inherent uncertainty. Overall, the results could be considered as positive indications in t...

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“…Subsequent work carried out in this laboratory by Sasse and Baker (1972) would indicate that availability of total sulfur amino acids in corn approaches 100%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Sulfur Amino Acid Activity in Soybean Meal and Corn Measured by Chick Growth

Netke

Scott

1974

Poultry Science

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Availability of Sulfur Amino Acids in Corn and Corn Gluten Meal for Growing Chicks

Cited by 63 publications

References 0 publications

Efficacy of d-, l- and dl-Methionine for Growth of Chicks Fed Crystalline Amino Acid Diets

Efficacy of d-, l- and dl-Methionine for Growth of Chicks Fed Crystalline Amino Acid Diets

Effects of Protease Addition and Replacement of Soybean Meal by Corn Gluten Meal on the Growth of Broilers and on the Environmental Performances of a Broiler Production System in Greece

The Sulfur Amino Acid Activity in Soybean Meal and Corn Measured by Chick Growth

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