Availability of Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean foods during the last four decades: comparison of several geographical areas

Vareiro, Daniela; Bach-Faig, Anna; Quintana, Blanca Raidó; Bertomeu, Isabel; Buckland, Genevieve; Almeida, Maria Daniel Vaz de; Serra-Majem, Lluís

doi:10.1017/s136898000999053x

Cited by 92 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Deviations from healthy dietary patterns can be an adverse effect of nutrition transition. According to WHO recommendations, the Mediterranean diet represents a healthy dietary pattern (24) and several studies have demonstrated the protective effect of the Mediterranean diet against chronic diseases (42)(43)(44)(45) . Therefore, nutritional education on the importance of a healthy diet at the population level and developing policies to facilitate the availability of healthy foods could reduce the rapid trend of obesity and other chronic diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Food availability is derived from production, supply, different usages and wastages of food and indicates apparent consumption instead of real consumption (19,23) . Assessing the trend in availability of food components is a useful tool for evaluation of changes in dietary patterns and can applied to defining dietary patterns (24)(25)(26) . For the calculation of food availability in a country, the amount of food exported, used for animals and in agriculture or wasted is subtracted from the amount of food produced and imported; the annual amount of available energy from food items is then divided by the total population of a country in the same period.…”

Section: Databasementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Dietary trends in the Middle East and North Africa: an ecological study (1961 to 2007)

Golzarand

Mirmiran

Jessri

et al. 2012

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: Middle Eastern and North African countries are undergoing nutrition transition, a transition which is associated with an increased burden of noncommunicable diseases. This necessitates the evaluation of dietary patterns in these regions. The present study aimed to assess changes in dietary patterns in Middle Eastern and North African countries between 1961 and 2007. Design: Availability of energy and fifteen main food items during 1961-2007 was examined using FAO food balance sheets from the FAOSTAT database. Setting: Fifteen countries including nine in the Middle East and six in North Africa were selected and the average availability of total energy and different food items in these regions were compared. Results: Over the 47 years studied, energy and food availability (apart from animal fats and alcoholic beverages) has increased in the Middle East and North Africa. In both regions the proportion of energy derived from meat and vegetable oils has increased significantly while that from cereals decreased significantly. In addition, the proportion of energy from milk and dairy products and vegetables has shown an ascending trend in North Africa while the proportion of energy from fruits has shown a descending trend in the Middle East. Conclusions: The study results reveal an unfavourable trend towards a Westernized diet in the Middle East and, to a certain extent, in North Africa. Tailored nutritional education encouraging healthy eating for prevention of the burden of chronic diseases in these countries seems essential.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Databasementioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary trends in the Middle East and North Africa: an ecological study (1961 to 2007)

Golzarand

Mirmiran

Jessri

et al. 2012

Public Health Nutr.

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“…However, this is not the case, as the availability of the Non-Mediterranean foods has increased to a much greater extent compared to Mediterranean foods (27,28,30) . The upward trend of MAI in Northern Europe was the result of increased availability of Mediterranean food products such as fruits and vegetables (12,30) . The study shows that the MAI values in Mediterranean Europe were higher than the MAI values presented by Northern and Central Europe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide variation of adherence to the Mediterranean diet, in 1961–1965 and 2000–2003

Silva

Bach-Faig²,

Quintana³

et al. 2009

Public Health Nutr.

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257

163

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Objective: The present study aimed to analyse the worldwide trends of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD), in 1961-1965 and 2000-2003. Design: Data were obtained from the FAO food balance sheets in two periods: 1961-1965 and 2000-2003. In order to have a sample from across the world, forty-one countries were selected. The average of available energy for different food groups was calculated for all selected countries. These values were used to evaluate the adherence to the MD through a variation of Mediterranean Adequacy Index (MAI).

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“…3 These changes have been fairly rapid, causing imbalance between people, genetic programming, environmental exposures and, consequently, occurrence of disease.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,[16][17][18] Based on the Food and Agriculture Organization food balance sheets, these studies concluded that a majority of countries have tended to drift away from a Mediterranean-like dietary pattern, with the Mediterranean European countries, including Portugal, experiencing the greatest decrease in Mediterranean diet adherence. 3,16,17 Among these studies, Mediterranean Adequacy Index was used by da Silva et al 17 , and found that the greatest changes occurred in Mediterranean Europe, recording high availability of non-Mediterranean food groups (animal fats, vegetable oils, sugar and meat), whereas the availability of vegetables decreased. This is line with the aforementioned low cost production of these non-Mediterranean food groups compared with limited market supply of fruits and vegetables in European Union.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Adherence to Mediterranean Diet in Portugal: Pregnant Women Nutrition in Portugal and its Repercussions

Pereira‐da‐Silva

Pinto

2016

Acta Med Port

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Introduction: Portuguese population is drifting away from the Mediterranean diet-like pattern. In this context, the current nutritional status of women of childbearing age and of pregnant Portuguese women and their growing fetuses is critically reviewed. Material and Methods: A narrative critical review was performed on recent published high quality studies assessing diet and nutritional status of women of childbearing age and pregnant women and its influence on the nutritional status of their offspring. Results: Data from five multinational ecological studies that included Portugal, two national official surveys on food availability, seven national studies on the diet and nutritional status of women of childbearing age and pregnant women, and five national studies on the effect of nutritional maternal factors on their growing fetuses were selected and analyzed. The prevalence of overweight/obesity has dramatically increased in Portuguese women of childbearing age and pregnant women, associated with the described trend of low adherence to Mediterranean diet. Variations in energy and macronutrients intakes during pregnancy seem to have no significantly impact on the nutritional status of growing fetuses. On contrary, pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity has been associated with increased offspring adiposity at birth, and an excessive gestational weight gain may be associated with offspring's overweight status in childhood.Factors potentially contributing to low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, deserving further investigation, include European Union agriculture policies that have implemented the production of non-Mediterranean food groups at low cost, and insufficient financial capacity to afford foods of quality reported by Portuguese population. Material e Métodos:Realizámos uma revisão narrativa crítica de estudos recentes com qualidade e inquéritos nacionais oficiais, que tivessem avaliado a dieta e estado de nutrição de mulheres em idade fértil e de grávidas portuguesas e sua influência no estado de nutrição dos respetivos fetos e recém-nascidos. Resultados:Foram selecionados e analisados cinco estudos ecológicos multinacionais que incluíram Portugal, dois inquéritos oficiais nacionais sobre disponibilidade de alimentos, sete estudos nacionais sobre dieta e estado de nutrição de mulheres em idade fértil e grávidas e cinco estudos nacionais sobre a influência de fatores nutricionais maternos no crescimento dos fetos. A prevalência de excesso de peso/obesidade em mulheres em idade fértil e grávidas aumentou substancialmente associada à diminuição da adesão à dieta mediterrânica. As variações no consumo de energia e macronutrientes na gravidez parecem não ter impacto significativo no estado de nutrição dos fetos. Pelo contrário, o excesso de peso/obesidade pré-concecional associa-se a aumento de adiposidade ao nascer e o excessivo aumento de peso na gravidez associa-se ao excesso ponderal na infância. Os fatores potencialmente relacionados com a baixa adesão à dieta mediterrânica, merecendo futura inves...

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Availability of Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean foods during the last four decades: comparison of several geographical areas

Cited by 92 publications

References 44 publications

Dietary trends in the Middle East and North Africa: an ecological study (1961 to 2007)

Dietary trends in the Middle East and North Africa: an ecological study (1961 to 2007)

Worldwide variation of adherence to the Mediterranean diet, in 1961–1965 and 2000–2003

Low Adherence to Mediterranean Diet in Portugal: Pregnant Women Nutrition in Portugal and its Repercussions

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