Availability of cadmium and zinc from sewage sludge to the flounder, Platichthys flesus, via a marine food chain

Exposure and potential food chain transfer factor of Cd, Se and Zn in marine fish Lutjanus argentimaculatus

“…Organ specificity in metal accumulation may also be related to the metal speciation and the regulation of essential and non-essential metals (Hanson 1997, Baskin 2000, McGeer et al 2000, Burgos & Rainbow 2001. Although most studies have quantified the metal concentrations in fish collected from the field, where they are exposed to metals both in the aqueous and in the dietary phases, it is difficult to quantitatively distinguish the metal uptake via food or water.…”

“…In general, the gills, liver and kidney contain relatively high metal concentrations (Dallinger & Kautzky 1985, Hanson 1997, McGeer et al 2000, Wong et al 2001, indicating that they may be the major organs for metal uptake (gills) or metal final deposition (liver and kidney) (Dallinger et al 1987, Thomann et al 2000, Szebedinszky et al 2001. Organ specificity in metal accumulation may also be related to the metal speciation and the regulation of essential and non-essential metals (Hanson 1997, Baskin 2000, McGeer et al 2000, Burgos & Rainbow 2001. Although most studies have quantified the metal concentrations in fish collected from the field, where they are exposed to metals both in the aqueous and in the dietary phases, it is difficult to quantitatively distinguish the metal uptake via food or water.…”

“…concentration in the predator to concentration in the prey) in defined food chains (Saiki et al 1993, Suedel et al 1994, probably because the predator and prey organisms have different physiological responses to the bioavailability of metals. Therefore, quantitative study of the processes involved in the bioaccumulation of trace metals in aquatic food webs is important to predicting the environmental significance of metals in aquatic systems (Reinfelder & Fisher 1994).Few studies have focused on metal bioaccumulation in marine fish (Pentreath 1977, Milner 1982, Willis & Sunda 1984, Burgos & Rainbow 2001, and the kinetic parameters quantifying metal bioaccumulation have not yet been well quantified. This study examined the bioaccumulation of Cd, Se and Zn in a marine predatory fish (the mangrove snapper Lutjanus argentimaculatus) from both the aqueous and the dietary phases.…”

Temporal and Spatial Effects on Some Physiological Parameters of the Bivalve <i>Lithophaga lithophaga</i> (Linnaeus, 1758) from Coastal Regions of Alexandria, Egypt

“…[37] reported that, the hepatopancreas of bivalve in the uncontaminated conditions demonstrates the highest values of toxic metals as a result of its major role in the uptake of metals from food. [44] reported that, gills are suggested as a possible route for accumulation of Cd as a possible route for Cd excretion. [45] reported Cd was present in the effluent and had accumulated significantly in mussels' gills.…”

“…[4] reported that, the average concentrations of trace elements in Egyptian Mediterranean coast are far from the hazardous concentrations. [44] suggested that, the gill appears to be a more suitable organ for bio monitoring than that the hepatopancreas. [37] [49] and [41] reported that gill represents the quick answer of mussels to water concentrations of metals.…”