Availability of body art facilities and body art piercing do not predict hepatitis C acquisition among injection drug users in Montreal, Canada: Results from a cohort study

Bruneau, Julie; Daniel, Mark; Kestens, Yan; Abrahamowicz, Michał; Zang, Geng

doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2010.05.001

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…New participants (n=210) were recruited in a manner consistent with previous strategies, and using the same eligibility criteria. A detailed description of the recruitment and follow-up procedures has been previously published (23). The sample population included HCV-negative participants recruited from the former cohort (32%), as well as new participants recruited through street-level strategies such as word-of-mouth (34%) or through community program referrals (34%).…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rising prevalence of prescription opioid injection and its association with hepatitis C incidence among street‐drug users

Bruneau

Roy

Arruda³

et al. 2012

Addiction

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154

129

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Aims: The study objectives were to examine trends in prescription opioid (PO) injection and to assess its association with HCV seroconversion among injection drug users (IDUs), accounting for other risk factors.Design and Setting: A prospective cohort study of IDUs was carried out between 2004 and 2009 in Montreal, Canada.Participants and Measurements: 246 HCV-negative IDUs were included in this analysis. Semiannual visits included HCV antibody testing and an interview-administered questionnaire assessing risk behaviours. HCV incidence rate was calculated using the person-time method.Time-updated Cox regression models were conducted to examine predictors of HCV incidence.Findings: The proportion of IDUs reporting PO injection increased from 21% to 75% between 2004 and 2009 (p < 0.001). Of the 246 participants (81.6% male; mean age 34.5 years; mean follow-up time 23 months), 83 seroconverted to HCV (incidence rate: 17.9 per 100 person-years; 95% CI 14.3, 22.1). PO injectors were more likely to become infected if they did not use injection heroin (Adjusted Hazard Ratio (AHR): 2.9 (95% CI: 1.5, 5.5)), whereas the association was not statistically significant for participants who reported using both drugs (AHR: 1.2 (95%CI: 0.6, 2.3). Other independent predictors of HCV incidence were: cocaine injection, recent incarceration, and > 30 injections per month.Conclusion: PO injection has increased rapidly in recent years, and appears to be an important risk factor for HCV acquisition. Our results suggest that the risks related to PO injection may be conditioned by specific drug practices which differ from those of heroin users.

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Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rising prevalence of prescription opioid injection and its association with hepatitis C incidence among street‐drug users

Bruneau

Roy

Arruda³

et al. 2012

Addiction

Self Cite

154

129

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“…In the past 2 decades, numerous prospective studies of acute HCV among PWID have been conducted worldwide, including in Australia, [15][16][17][18] Canada, 19 the Netherlands 20 and the USA. [21][22][23][24] Each has contributed significantly to the understanding of acute HCV infections, and offered unprecedented information on complex diagnostic, preventive and treatment strategies.…”

Section: Why Was the Cohort Set Up?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The research programme plans to conduct studies of risk, incidence and the natural history of HIV and HCV infection from a unique pooled data set, compiled from the nine prospective observational cohorts studying incident HCV in PWID. 15,16,[18][19][20][21][22][23] Who is in the cohort?…”

Section: Why Was the Cohort Set Up?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cohort Profile: The International Collaboration of Incident HIV and Hepatitis C in Injecting Cohorts (InC3) Study

Grebely

Morris

Rice

et al. 2012

International Journal of Epidemiology

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The International Collaboration of Incident HIV and Hepatitis C in Injecting Cohorts (InC(3)) Study is an international multi-cohort project of pooled biological and behavioural data from nine prospective cohorts of people who inject drugs (PWID). InC(3) brings together researchers from Australia, Canada, USA and the Netherlands with expertise in epidemiology, biostatistics, clinical and behavioural sciences, virology and immunology to investigate research questions relevant to hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV outcomes. InC(3) was established to: (i) create a merged multi-cohort study of pooled data from well-characterized cohorts of PWID with prospective data on HIV and HCV infections, with a particular focus on HCV; (ii) facilitate new studies not possible within individual cohorts; and (iii) bring together researchers across disciplines to answer a broad range of research questions. Study cohorts identify acute HCV cases through follow-up of high-risk HCV antibody-negative PWID or through clinical referral networks. To date, data from 1986 to 2010 have been received from all contributing cohorts, with 821 HCV-infected and 1216 HCV-uninfected participants (overall, n = 2037). Data collected include demographics, host genetics, HCV ribonucleic acid testing, alanine aminotransferase testing, HIV/hepatitis B virus testing, HCV therapy, loss to follow-up and mortality. Potential collaborators should contact the InC(3) PI Dr Kimberley Page (kPage@psg.ucsf.edu) for further information.

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“…I don't think anything computes at that moment. [Y]ou definitely need that time to let that light switch go on' (Dustin, 22 year-old Anglo-Australian male).…”

Section: Making Information About Hcv Testing and Treatment Salientmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ethical principle of beneficence requires that HCV prevention and treatment interventions be integrated into research studies including counselling, risk reduction methods and information, and access to HCV treatment [14][15][16]. To date, studies involving both seronegative and seropositive PWID have incorporated access to HCV testing, NSP, OST and HCV treatment into their methodologies as evidence-based HCV prevention interventions that also minimise harm to participants [17][18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engaging people who inject drugs in hepatitis C virus testing and prevention through community‐based outreach, in Sydney, Australia

Coupland

White

Bates

et al. 2019

Drug and Alcohol Review

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Introduction and Aims Increasing treatment uptake among people who inject drugs (PWID) with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is integral to eliminating viral hepatitis. This study explored the role of community‐based outreach in engaging and retaining Australian PWID in the testing component of the HCV care cascade. Design and Methods Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 28 PWID, including new initiates to injecting and those from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds, who acquired HCV infection while enrolled in a community‐based prospective observational study of hepatitis C vaccine preparedness in Sydney. Participants were interviewed at diagnosis and 12 months later. Transcripts were thematically analysed using constant comparative techniques. Results Community‐based outreach was effective in engaging newly infected participants in HCV monitoring and decision‐making about seeking interferon‐based treatment. Key factors in the acceptability of outreach were privacy and discretion, and opportunities to build trust with non‐judgmental staff. Retaining participants in the HCV cascade of care required more than a one‐off session of post‐test counselling. Ongoing discussions with staff enabled paced and tailored delivery of information about HCV prevention, testing and treatment. Increased understanding of the role of HCV ribonucleic acid viremia in determining the need for treatment, and access to this testing, was pivotal in making HCV monitoring salient for participants. Discussion and Conclusions Outreach is an effective strategy for engaging new initiates to injecting and CALD PWID in HCV testing and decision‐making about treatment. Findings highlight the need to increase availability and access to HCV ribonucleic acid testing for PWID.

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Availability of body art facilities and body art piercing do not predict hepatitis C acquisition among injection drug users in Montreal, Canada: Results from a cohort study

Abstract: Background: Body art piercing (BAP) is considered to be a risk factor for hepatitis C (HCV)

Cited by 13 publications

References 41 publications

The rising prevalence of prescription opioid injection and its association with hepatitis C incidence among street‐drug users

The rising prevalence of prescription opioid injection and its association with hepatitis C incidence among street‐drug users

Cohort Profile: The International Collaboration of Incident HIV and Hepatitis C in Injecting Cohorts (InC3) Study

Engaging people who inject drugs in hepatitis C virus testing and prevention through community‐based outreach, in Sydney, Australia

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