Availability, Management and Use of Priority Life-Saving Medicines for Under-Five Children in Two Health Districts in Senegal: A Cross-Sectional Study

Bassoum, Oumar; Ba, A.; Tall, Alioune Badara; O, Kane; Faye, Adama; Seck, Ibrahima; Tal-Dia, Anta

doi:10.4236/health.2020.122017

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This finding shows that mothers, neonates, and children lost or endangered their life following the stock-out of some lifesaving drugs given that all hospitals placed at least one emergency order within a year. With its gaps, this study indicated a stock-out 59(75.64%) which is higher than the previous studies, 14 (61.30%), 27 54.3%, 29 and 74.3% 30 with a mean stock-out duration of 70.71 27 and 26 29 days. The new kaizen approach and enactment of Dagu 2.0 were the possible means for the availability of MNCH drugs over the previous studies.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

Assessment of Inventory Management Practice and Associated Challenges of Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health Life-Saving Drugs in Public Hospitals of Southwest Ethiopia: A Mixed-Method Approach

Bekele

Kumsa

Ayalew

2022

IPRP

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Introduction Maternal, newborn, and child health is a global priority, while most countries in sub-Saharan Africa have a poor implementation of maternal, newborn, and child health programs. Objective To assess inventory management practice and associated challenges of maternal, newborn, and child health life-saving drugs in public hospitals of Jimma zone and Jimma city. Methods Hospital-based mixed-method cross-sectional study was conducted from October 1 to 30, 2020. The quantitative data was collected using physical inventory and document reviews. Thus, seventy-eight bin cards and annual report and resupply forms were reviewed, and the collected data was analyzed using SPSS |Version 24| software. Statistical significance was determined at p < 0.05. Twelve semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted to collect qualitative data and analysed manually using a thematic analysis technique. Results About half of the evaluated drugs experienced 22 stock-outs per year with a stock-out rate and mean stock-out duration of 83.3% and 1.69 months, respectively. All hospitals placed at least one emergency order. The wastage rate of products was 13.1%. The data quality of report and resupply forms such as the average data accuracy of 396 (84.61%) had a significant association with the increasing level of education, X 2 (16, N = 13) = 297.7, p = 0.019. Thirty-five (97.22%) reports and resupply forms were complete, while 24 (66.67%) of them were submitted to suppliers as per the predetermined timeline with an annual reporting rate of 94.44%. Conclusion Data quality of bin card records was more promising than report and resupply form reports. All hospitals encountered at least one stock-out and one emergency order per year. The wastage rate was twice more than the national normal. Storage management, human asset, and capacity building challenges were identified as inventory management challenges.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

Assessment of Inventory Management Practice and Associated Challenges of Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health Life-Saving Drugs in Public Hospitals of Southwest Ethiopia: A Mixed-Method Approach

Bekele

Kumsa

Ayalew

2022

IPRP

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“…Seven other supplementary medicines were chosen to treat important national health problems and the burden of local diseases for children (such as pneumonia, diarrhoea, colds and pain). When developing the supplementary list, we referenced medicine lists from previous studies, [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] guidelines and documents (such as the NEML (2018), 23 the seventh WHO EMLc (2019), 24 the WHO's list of priority life-saving medicines for women and children (2012) 25 . The suitability of selected medicines was also checked through the results from a pilot test in a public health facility and a private drugstore in October 2020.…”

Section: Surveyed Medicinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are only few studies on EMs for children (cEMs). [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Their results showed that low availability, high prices and poor affordability have kept cEMs out of reach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Access to essential medicines for children: a cross-sectional survey measuring medicine prices, availability and affordability in Hanam province, Vietnam

2021

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ObjectiveTo identify the availability, prices and affordability of essential medicines for children (cEMs) in Hanam province, Vietnam.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingOne city and five districts of Hanam province.Participants66 public health facilities and 66 private drugstores.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe standardised methodology of the WHO and Health Action International was used to investigate 30 paediatric essential medicines. For each medicine, data were collected for two products: the lowest-priced medicine (LPM) and the highest-priced medicine (HPM). The availability of medicine was computed as the percentage of facilities in which this medicine was found on the day of data collection. Median prices of individual medicines were reported in local currency. Affordability was calculated as the number of days’ wages required for the lowest-paid unskilled government worker to purchase standard treatments for common diseases. Data were analysed using R software V.4.1.0.ResultsThe mean availability of LPMs in the private sector (33.2%, SD=38.0%) was higher than that in the public sector (24.9%, SD=39.4%) (p<0.05). The mean availability of HPMs was extremely low in both sectors (11.3% and 5.8%, respectively). The mean availability of cEMs in urban areas was significantly higher than that in rural areas (36.5% and 31.6%, respectively, p<0.05). In the public sector, the prices of LPMs were nearly equal to the international reference prices (IRPs). In the private sector, LPMs were generally sold at 4.06 times their IRPs. However, in both sectors, the affordability of LPMs was reasonable for most conditions as standard treatments only cost a day’s wage or less.ConclusionThe low availability was the main reason hindering access to cEMs in Hanam, especially in the countryside. A national study on cEMs should be conducted, and some practical policies should be promulgated to enhance access to cEMs.

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“…Moreover, the use of manipulated adult dosage forms can bring unwanted outcomes, treatment failure, and may go to the extent of losing the child. [7][8][9] most of published studies also suggested that better availabilities and rational utilizations antibiotic treatment and immunization can significantly reduces deaths. 10 Despite the introduction of priority medicines for children under five at the global level, research conducted in the Tigray region of Ethiopia demonstrated low availability of the medicines in public health facilities (The average availability of the most expensive drugs was in the range 0-4.5%, while the lowest-priced medicines were in the range 10.7-75%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Availability and Utilization of World Health Organization Recommended Priority Life-Saving Medicines for Under Five-Year-Old Children in Gondar Town, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Woldeyohanins¹,

Kasahun²,

Demeke³

et al. 2021

PHMT

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Background Globally, more than eight million under-five children die every year because of diseases that could be treated or prevented with drug therapy. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the utilization and availability of the World Health Organization (WHO) suggested priority life-saving medicines for under-five-year-old children in Gondar town. Methods Institutional-based cross-sectional survey was conducted from March 2020 to May 2020 in public health centers of Gondar town. Data entry and validation were performed in EpiData 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for descriptive analysis like frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and median. Results The availability of zinc phosphate and oral rehydration salt for the diarrheal cases was 57.14% and 85.71%, respectively. The availabilities of amoxicillin dispersible tablet and gentamicin injection for the treatments of pneumonia cases were 71.43% and 42.85%, respectively, and the availability of paracetamol tablet was high (85.71%). The availabilities of artemether/lumefantrine tablet and artesunate rectal were ranged between fairly high (57.1%) to very low (28.5%), respectively, and the availabilities of zidovudine/lamivudine/nevirapine-based antiretroviral regimen was 100%, a utilization for this regimen was high (96.29%). Two (3.70%) of the surveyed cases were utilized lopinavir/ritonavir-based regimen. The utilization of priority medicines was low for pain management and pneumonia which was 18.5% and 48.18%, respectively. Conclusion The study concluded that medicine was not consistently available throughout public health centers in Gondar town. Thus, this finding suggests the integration of WHO-recommended life-saving priority medicines into the essential drug management systems and health unit logistics to raise their utilization and availability.

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Availability, Management and Use of Priority Life-Saving Medicines for Under-Five Children in Two Health Districts in Senegal: A Cross-Sectional Study

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Assessment of Inventory Management Practice and Associated Challenges of Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health Life-Saving Drugs in Public Hospitals of Southwest Ethiopia: A Mixed-Method Approach

Assessment of Inventory Management Practice and Associated Challenges of Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health Life-Saving Drugs in Public Hospitals of Southwest Ethiopia: A Mixed-Method Approach

Access to essential medicines for children: a cross-sectional survey measuring medicine prices, availability and affordability in Hanam province, Vietnam

Availability and Utilization of World Health Organization Recommended Priority Life-Saving Medicines for Under Five-Year-Old Children in Gondar Town, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

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