Auxo-endocrinological features in a cohort of internationally adopted children in Italy

Bortone, Barbara; Totaro, Camilla; Putignano, Pasqua; Sollai, Sara; Galli, Luisa; Martino, Maurizio de; Chiappini, Elena

doi:10.1007/s12519-019-00233-7

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The age at which children are adopted is also an important factor which may affect the nutritional status of CAI at baseline/on arrival and catch-up growth post-adoption. In our review, six papers reported an association between age of adoption and anthropometric data at baseline/on arrival [9,14,36,41,48,50]. This data is important to understand which peri-adoption factors contribute to delayed growth in CAI.…”

Section: Age At Adoptionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…A total of 10 (41%) studies reported an association between age of adoption and anthropometric or micronutrient data. Four studies reported an inverse correlation between age of adoption and height [14,36,41,48]. Johnson et al reported that HAZ was inversely associated with the age of adoption for those who previously lived in institutionalized care (p = 0.01), meanwhile, they found no association between HAZ and age of adoption for children who lived in foster care before adoption (r = −0.15, N = 26, ns) [48].…”

Section: Age Of Adoptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include underlying infectious disease, inadequate nutrition, histories of low birth weight and psychological deprivation [11][12][13]-all of which are associated with delayed growth and cognition [12,13]. Disabilities are also common, particularly among those who arrive from institutionalized care [14,15]. Since disability and malnutrition often intersect [16], those with disabilities can become even more at risk of malnutrition and malnutrition in turn can exacerbate and lead to new disabilities [16].…”

Section: Malnutrition and Disability At Pre-adoption Baselinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Families that adopt children domestically also often request to be placed with children who are young and healthy, which contributes to the high prevalence of children with disabilities remaining in institutions available for international adoption [73]. These children are some of the most vulnerable children during the international adoption process due to their increased risk of malnutrition, which is attributable to their disability status and increased time living in institutionalized care [14,43]. In our review, only one paper measured the nutritional status of children with disabilities, which amplifies the need for more research to allow families to understand the needs of their child better.…”

Section: Disability and Nutritional Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Nutritional Status of Individuals Adopted Internationally as Children: A Systematic Review

Ivey

Kerac

Quiring³

et al. 2021

Nutrients

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Since 1955, international adoption has been a way of finding homes for children who have been orphaned or abandoned. We aimed to describe the nutritional status of individuals adopted internationally and their long-term nutritional and health outcomes. We searched four databases for articles published from January 1995 to June 2020, which included information on anthropometric or micronutrient status of children adopted internationally (CAI). Mean Z-scores on arrival to adoptive country ranged from −2.04 to −0.31 for weight for age; −0.94 to 0.39 for weight for height; −0.7 to 0 for body mass index; −1.89 to −0.03 for height for age; −1.43 to 0.80 for head circumference for age. Older children, those adopted from institutionalized care or with underlying disability, were more likely to be malnourished. Though long-term data was scarce, mean Z-scores post-adoption ranged from −0.59 to 0.53 for weight for age; −0.31 to 1.04 for weight for height; 0.39 to 1.04 for body mass index; −1.09 to 0.58 for height for age; −0.06 to 1.23 for head circumference for age. We conclude that though CAI are at high risk of malnutrition at baseline, marked catch-up growth is possible, including for those older than two years of age on arrival. This has implications not only for CAI but for the wider population of malnourished children worldwide. Research on how to optimize catch-up growth is a priority.

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