Auxin Plays a Role in the Adaptation of Rice to Anaerobic Germination and Seedling Establishment

Abstract

Auxin is well known to stimulate coleoptile elongation and rapid seedling growth in the air. However, its role in regulating rice germination and seedling establishment under submergence is largely unknown. Previous studies have shown that excessive levels of IAA frequently cause the inhibition of plant growth and development. In this study, the high-level accumulation of endogenous IAA is observed under dark submergence, stimulating rice coleoptile elongation but limiting the root and primary leaf growth during anaerobic germination (AG). We found that oxygen and light can reduce IAA levels, promote the seedling establishment and enhance rice AG tolerance. miRNA microarray profiling and RNA gel blot analysis results show that the expression of miR167 is negatively regulated by submergence; it subsequently modulates the accumulation of free IAA through the miR167-ARF-GH3 pathway. The OsGH3-8 encodes an IAA-amido synthetase that functions to prevent free IAA accumulation. Reduced miR167 levels or overexpressing OsGH3-8 increase auxin metabolism, reduce endogenous levels of free IAA and enhance rice AG tolerance. The present study reveals that poor seed germination and seedling growth inhibition resulting from excessive IAA accumulation would cause intolerance to submergence in rice, suggesting that a certain threshold level of auxin is essential for rice AG tolerance.

Haplogenic quantitative effects regulate flooded germination, subsequent water deficit stress, and recovery in direct seeded rice

“…Recently, it was reported in rice that anaerobic germination under darkness enhanced endogenous IAA levels to promote leaf elongation and restrict root growth mediated through the miR167-ARF-GH3 regulatory module. However, this inhibitory effect was relieved by light and oxygen (Lee et al, 2022). Since GUS stress of ˜10 cm water level for 21 days was administered at shaded net house condition, it was possible that reduced levels of light penetration might have altered the regulatory modules related to crown root initiation and promoted the crown root development in our experiments.…”