Auxin fluxes through plasmodesmata

Band, Leah R.

doi:10.1111/nph.17517

Cited by 31 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…27,28 Additionally, auxin passive diffusion via plasmodesmata has been demonstrated to contribute to auxin distribution. 29,30 Recently, water and auxin fluxes in the root basal meristem through plasmodesmata were reported, establishing a symplastic pathway to deliver auxin from the epidermis to the pericycle. 31 The effect of auxin on plant growth is determined by auxin levels and distribution; therefore, a particular pattern of auxin distribution is required for root development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ERF1 inhibits lateral root emergence by promoting local auxin accumulation with altered distribution and repressingARF7expression

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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SummaryLateral roots (LRs) are crucial for plants to sense environmental signals in addition to water and nutrient absorption. Auxin is key for LR formation, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here we report thatArabidopsisERF1 inhibits LR emergence by promoting local auxin accumulation with altered distribution and regulating auxin signaling. Loss ofERF1increases LR density compared with the wild type, whereasERF1overexpression causes the opposite phenotype. ERF1 enhances auxin transport by upregulatingPIN1andAUX1, resulting in excessive auxin accumulation in the endodermal, cortical, and epidermal cells surrounding LR primordia. Furthermore, ERF1 repressesARF7transcription, consequently affecting the expression of cell wall remodeling genes that facilitate LR emergence. Together, our study reveals that ERF1 integrates environmental signals to promote local auxin accumulation with altered distribution and repressARF7, consequently inhibiting LR emergence in adaptation to fluctuating environments.HighlightsERF1 functions as a negative regulator of lateral root emergenceERF1 enhances rootward and shootward auxin transport by directly upregulating the expression ofPIN1andAUX1, resulting in high local auxin accumulation and abnormal auxin distribution in the endodermal, cortical, and epidermal cells overlying lateral root primordiaERF1 represses the transcription ofARF7and cell wall remodeling genes in lateral root emergence

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ERF1 inhibits lateral root emergence by promoting local auxin accumulation with altered distribution and repressingARF7expression

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Control of IAA concentrations and distribution within plant cells and tissues are achieved by intercellular and intracellular transport mechanisms (Band, 2021; Hammes et al ., 2022) and spatiotemporally regulated IAA biosynthesis and inactivation (Zhao, 2018; Casanova‐Saez et al ., 2021). IAA metabolic inactivation primarily involves oxidation processes and the formation of IAA‐sugar and IAA‐amino acid (IAA‐aa) conjugates (Casanova‐Saez et al ., 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivation of the entire Arabidopsis group II GH3s confers tolerance to salinity and water deficit

et al. 2022

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Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) controls a plethora of developmental processes. Thus, regulation of its concentration is of great relevance for plant performance. Cellular IAA concentration depends on its transport, biosynthesis and the various pathways for IAA inactivation, including oxidation and conjugation.Group II members of the GRETCHEN HAGEN 3 (GH3) gene family code for acyl acid amido synthetases catalysing the conjugation of IAA to amino acids. However, the high degree of functional redundancy among them has hampered thorough analysis of their roles in plant development.In this work, we generated an Arabidopsis gh3.1,2,3,4,5,6,9,17 (gh3oct) mutant to knock out the group II GH3 pathway. The gh3oct plants had an elaborated root architecture, showed an increased tolerance to different osmotic stresses, including an IAA-dependent tolerance to salinity, and were more tolerant to water deficit. Indole-3-acetic acid metabolite quantification in gh3oct plants suggested the existence of additional GH3-like enzymes in IAA metabolism. Moreover, our data suggested that 2-oxindole-3-acetic acid production depends, at least in part, on the GH3 pathway. Targeted stress-hormone analysis further suggested involvement of abscisic acid in the differential response to salinity of gh3oct plants.Taken together, our data provide new insights into the roles of group II GH3s in IAA metabolism and hormone-regulated plant development.

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“…Because experimental evidence suggests that auxin can move through plasmodesmata (PDs) intercellular channels (recently reviewed in [ 15 , 16 ]), here we ask whether movement of auxin or an auxin-dependent signal through PDs is one of the missing GN -dependent vein-patterning pathways. We find veins are patterned by the coordinated action of three GN -dependent pathways: auxin signaling, polar auxin transport, and movement of auxin or an auxin-dependent signal through PDs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf vein patterning is regulated by the aperture of plasmodesmata intercellular channels

Linh

Scarpella

2022

PLoS Biol

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To form tissue networks, animal cells migrate and interact through proteins protruding from their plasma membranes. Plant cells can do neither, yet plants form vein networks. How plants do so is unclear, but veins are thought to form by the coordinated action of the polar transport and signal transduction of the plant hormone auxin. However, plants inhibited in both pathways still form veins. Patterning of vascular cells into veins is instead prevented in mutants lacking the function of the GNOM (GN) regulator of auxin transport and signaling, suggesting the existence of at least one more GN-dependent vein-patterning pathway. Here we show that in Arabidopsis such a pathway depends on the movement of auxin or an auxin-dependent signal through plasmodesmata (PDs) intercellular channels. PD permeability is high where veins are forming, lowers between veins and nonvascular tissues, but remains high between vein cells. Impaired ability to regulate PD aperture leads to defects in auxin transport and signaling, ultimately leading to vein patterning defects that are enhanced by inhibition of auxin transport or signaling. GN controls PD aperture regulation, and simultaneous inhibition of auxin signaling, auxin transport, and regulated PD aperture phenocopies null gn mutants. Therefore, veins are patterned by the coordinated action of three GN-dependent pathways: auxin signaling, polar auxin transport, and movement of auxin or an auxin-dependent signal through PDs. Such a mechanism of tissue network formation is unprecedented in multicellular organisms.

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Auxin fluxes through plasmodesmata

Cited by 31 publications

References 38 publications

ERF1 inhibits lateral root emergence by promoting local auxin accumulation with altered distribution and repressingARF7expression

ERF1 inhibits lateral root emergence by promoting local auxin accumulation with altered distribution and repressingARF7expression

Inactivation of the entire Arabidopsis group II GH3s confers tolerance to salinity and water deficit

Leaf vein patterning is regulated by the aperture of plasmodesmata intercellular channels

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