Auxin Crosstalk to Plant Immune Networks: A Plant-Pathogen Interaction Perspective

Abstract

The plant hormone auxin regulates a whole repertoire of plant growth and development. Many plant-associated microorganisms, by virtue of their auxin production capability, mediate phytostimulation effects on plants. Recent studies, however, demonstrate diverse mechanisms whereby plant pathogens manipulate auxin biosynthesis, signaling and transport pathways to promote host susceptibility. Auxin responses have been coupled to their antagonistic and synergistic interactions with salicylic acid and jasmonate mediated defenses, respectively. Here, we discuss that a better understanding of auxin crosstalk to plant immune networks would enable us to engineer crop plants with higher protection and low unintended yield losses.

Nod factors potentiate auxin signaling for transcriptional regulation and lateral root formation inMedicago truncatula

“…Along the same lines, we found ‘biotic stress’ functions, encompassing peroxidase genes and a large number of signaling genes encoding TIR-NBS-LRR and NB-ARC domain disease resistance proteins, largely down-regulated in group 1. These data are in accordance with both auxin and NFs regulating cell wall plasticity and defense mechanisms ( Liang et al , 2014 ; Naseem et al , 2015 ). Interestingly, cell wall plasticity is important in many processes, including nodulation and LRF ( Xie et al , 2012 ; Lewis et al , 2013 ).…”

Unraveling Aspects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Mediated Enhanced Production of Rice under Biotic Stress of Rhizoctonia solani

“…Levels of metabolizable sugars (glucose/fructose) in SN13 + R. solani may be responsible for inducing auxin, however, their enhanced production in R. solani and SN13 alone may also be associated with increased ROS production and involvement of stress mediated signaling as also evident from microarray and RT-PCR analysis of auxin response factor 9 (Os4g36054; Figure 7 ) ( Hamzehzarghani et al, 2005 ; Li et al, 2011 ; Sairanen et al, 2012 ; Nafisi et al, 2015 ; Naseem et al, 2015 ). Decreased SA accumulation in R. solani treatment corresponds well with prior reports of rice–necrotroph interaction ( Bari and Jones, 2009 ).…”

Effect of Salicylic Acid, 2,4-D and 2i-P on the Production of Secondary Metabolites in Garcinia brasiliensis Mart. Callus

“…Crosstalk among different phytohormones results in synergistic and antagonistic interactions and plays an essential role in plant response to abiotic stress [43]. Auxin, for example, has an antagonistic interaction with salicylic acid [44]. This crosstalk between SA and auxin 2,4-D helps explain the significant reduction in flavonoid production, when compared to the control (Table 2).…”