Auxin Coordinates Achene and Receptacle Development During Fruit Initiation in Fragaria vesca

Abstract

In strawberries, fruit set is considered as the transition from the quiescent ovary to a rapidly growing fruit. Auxin, which is produced from the fertilized ovule in the achenes, plays a key role in promoting the enlargement of receptacles. However, detailed regulatory mechanisms for fruit set and the mutual regulation between achenes and receptacles are largely unknown. In this study, we found that pollination promoted fruit development (both achene and receptacle), which could be stimulated by exogenous auxin treatment. Interestingly, auxin was highly accumulated in achenes, but not in receptacles, after pollination. Further transcriptome analysis showed that only a small portion of the differentially expressed genes induced by pollination overlapped with those by exogenous auxin treatment. Auxin, but not pollination, was able to activate the expression of growth-related genes, especially in receptacles, which resulted in fast growth. Meanwhile, those genes involved in the pathways of other hormones, such as GA and cytokinin, were also regulated by exogenous auxin treatment, but not pollination. This suggested that pollination was not able to activate auxin responses in receptacles but produced auxin in fertilized achenes, and then auxin might be able to transport or transduce from achenes to receptacles and promote fast fruit growth at the early stage of fruit initiation. Our work revealed a potential coordination between achenes and receptacles during fruit set, and auxin might be a key coordinator.

Genome-Wide Transcriptome Dynamics in Auxin Homeostasis During Fruit Development in Strawberry (F. xananassa)

“…Fertilization-induced fruit development in strawberries is of interest due to their unique flower and fruit structure. The strawberry fruit consists of numerous individual achenes embedded in a fleshy receptacle (Tian et al, 2022). It is worth noting that what is commonly referred to as the fleshy fruit of a strawberry is actually a pseudocarp derived from the enlarged receptacle, while the true fruit (achene) is located on the epidermal layer (Perkins-Veazie, 1995; Guo et al, 2022).…”

The Role of FveAFB5 in Auxin-Mediated Responses and Growth in Strawberries

“…Auxin plays an essential role in strawberry growth and fruit development as well [ 8 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Fertilization-induced auxin biosynthesis is required for seed and fruit development [ 19 ].…”