Auxiliary diagnostic value of p16 amplification combined with the detection of heterozygous and homozygous loss for urothelial carcinoma

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the significance of detecting cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (p16) gene aberrations in the diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma (UC) using fluorescence hybridization (FISH). A total of 77 voided urine specimens from 65 patients with UC and 12 patients with benign urinary disease were recruited into the current study. Under a fluorescence microscope, cells with large and irregular nuclei were assessed for chromosomal aberrations. The positive rate of p16 amplification in UC samples was 32.3% (21/65), which was significantly higher than that in benign urinary disease samples (16.7%, 2/12; P<0.05). Heterozygous and homozygous loss of p16 was identified in 12 (18.5%) and 23 (35.4%) patients with UC, respectively; p16 expression in the remainder of patients was normal. In addition, as tumor stage or grade advanced, the positive rate of p16 aberrations also increased significantly (P<0.05). In conclusion, p16 gene aberrations may serve important roles in the auxiliary diagnosis of UC by FISH and could be utilized to monitor UC progression.

Clinico-Pathological Features and Immunohistochemical Comparison of p16, p53, and Ki-67 Expression in Muscle-Invasive and Non-Muscle-Invasive Conventional Urothelial Bladder Carcinoma

“…Homozygous deletion at p16 was seen in different stages (T1, NMIBC) and (T2 or more, MIBC) and in different grades of bladder carcinomas, which suggests that the p16 may be involved in the initiation and progression of urinary bladder cancers [ 56 ]. Studies show that the p16 genetic status is closely related to the stages of urinary bladder cancer, where the loss of p16 was seen in association with low-grade urothelial carcinoma, while amplified p16 denoted high-grade tumor [ 57 ]. In this study, we found a correlation between p16 protein expression and the histological grade of papillary urothelial carcinoma, in addition to a correlation between p16 expression and the muscle invasion of papillary urothelial carcinoma.…”

A seven-autophagy-related gene signature for predicting the prognosis of differentiated thyroid carcinoma

“…Here, we constructed a prognostic model for DTHCA comprising CDKN2A, FGF7, CTSB, HAP1, DAPK2, DNAJB1, and ITPR1 genes. CDKN2A, also known as multiple tumour suppressor 1, is an inhibitor of CDK4 that suppresses cancer cell proliferation by arresting the cell cycle at phase G1 [ 31 – 33 ]. However, CDKN2A upregulation may enhance autophagy in non-endometrioid endometrial carcinoma, which protects cells against unfavourable conditions, promoting tumorigenesis [ 34 ].…”