AUV Sensors for Real-Time Detection, Localization, Characterization, and Monitoring of Underwater Munitions

Camilli, Richard; Bingham, Brian; Jakuba, Michael V.; Duryea, A.; LeBouvier, Rand; Dock, Matthew

doi:10.4031/mtsj.43.4.6

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A number of studies have attempted to measure MCs in seawater, sediments, and organisms, and the results have been rather variable from site to site (Lotufo et al, 2017). The variability of detections as a function of distance from the target is likely due to the filamentous nature of the plumes emanating from the target (Rodacy et al, 2001;Camilli et al, 2009). One of the earliest reports of positive detection found low µg kg −1 levels of TNT and DNT in sediments near intact, live munitions in Halifax Harbor, Canada (Darrach et al, 1998).…”

Section: Organic MCmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spread, Behavior, and Ecosystem Consequences of Conventional Munitions Compounds in Coastal Marine Waters

et al. 2018

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Coastal marine environments are contaminated globally with a vast quantity of unexploded ordnance and munitions from intentional disposal. These munitions contain organic explosive compounds as well as a variety of metals, and represent point sources of chemical pollution to marine waters. Most underwater munitions originate from World Wars at the beginning of the twentieth century, and metal munitions housings have been impacted by extensive corrosion over the course of the following decades. As a result, the risk of munitions-related contaminant release to the water column is increasing. The behavior of munitions compounds is well-characterized in terrestrial systems and groundwater, but is only poorly understood in marine systems. Organic explosive compounds, primarily nitroaromatics and nitramines, can be degraded or transformed by a variety of biotic and abiotic mechanisms. These reaction products exhibit a range in biogeochemical characteristics such as sorption by particles and sediments, and variable environmental behavior as a result. The reaction products often exhibit increased toxicity to biological receptors and geochemical controls like sorption can limit this exposure. Environmental samples typically show low concentrations of munitions compounds in water and sediments (on the order of ng/L and µg/kg, respectively), and ecological risk appears generally low. Nonetheless, recent work demonstrates the possibility of sub-lethal genetic and metabolic effects. This review evaluates the state of knowledge on the occurrence, fate, and effect of munition-related chemical contaminants in the marine environment. There remain a number of knowledge gaps that limit our understanding of munitions-related contaminant spread and effect, and the need for additional work is made all the more urgent by increasing risk of release to the environment.

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Section: Organic MCmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spread, Behavior, and Ecosystem Consequences of Conventional Munitions Compounds in Coastal Marine Waters

et al. 2018

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“…Furthermore, large variation within sites may be observed in detected concentrations as a function of distance from the dumped munition. Such variability is thought to be caused by the filamentous nature of the plumes emanating from the source of contamination (Rodacy et al, 2001;Camilli et al, 2009). Additionally, a recent study showed that in situ measurements of dissolution fluxes from exposed munition material in the Baltic Sea are actually lower than the majority of those reported for laboratory experiments but clearly demonstrate that there is in fact chemical release from the dumped munition to the water column albeit lower than expected (Beck et al, 2019).…”

Section: Detection Of Munition Constituents In the Environmentmentioning

confidence: 95%

Synthesizing the impact of sea-dumped munition and related chemicals on humans and the environment

Barbosa

Asselman

Janssen

2023

Marine Pollution Bulletin

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“…Але і в першому, і в другому випадку без участі спеціально підготовлених водолазівсаперів [22] не обійтись, а організація їх діяльності вимагає урахування як можливостей особового складу, так і умов, в яких вони будуть виконувати поставлені завдання, а також тактико-технічних характеристик обладнання, яке стоїть на озброєнні у відповідних підрозділах. При цьому навіть використання автономних підводних апаратів, які базуються на сенсорних технологіях, застосуванні хімічних та біометричних датчиків, спирається на підводну оперативну діяльність особового складу, залученого до виявлення підводних боєприпасів [23], що також вимагає урахування фізіологічних характеристик підводників. Це ж відмічено і в [24], де показано, що гнучкість в плануванні та виконанні підводних робіт з предметами, що не вибухнули, забезпечується залученням професіоналів у проведенні підводних робіт із застосуванням відповідних спеціальних засобів, тактико-технічні характеристики яких відповідають можливостям водолазів та умовам, в яких буде здійснюватись процес підводного розмінування.…”

Section: аналіз останніх досліджень і публікаційunclassified

Mathematical Model of Underwater Demining by Dipper Divers of the Sesu

Soloviev¹

2021

MEC

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It is shown that the problem of improving the effectiveness of prevention of emergencies related to the underwater location of explosive objects is relevant. An important and unresolved part of the problem is the lack of a mathematical model of the emergency response process associated with the underwater location of an explosive device in general. Based on this, the object of the study was the elimination of an emergency situation related to the underwater location of explosive objects, and the subject of the study – the process of operational activities of personnel of the underwater demining department of a group of special diving rescue team. The aim of the work is to develop a mathematical model of the emergency response process related to the underwater location of an explosive object as a process of functioning of the system "emergency – special means of underwater demining – diver-sapper", which should be the basis for substantiation of operational and technical recommendations. increasing the efficiency of underwater demining by diver sappers without reducing their level of safety. It is shown that the mathematical model of underwater demining by a diver-sapper is a system of three analytical dependences. The first is a functional that describes the process of underwater demining in the form of a three-factor polynomial model. The second allows us to present this functionality as a set of one-factor models. The third provides the definition of weights in solving a multifactor problem. It is noted that such a model allows to proceed to the substantiation of operational and technical recommendations to the management of the group of special diving works. The advantage of the new scientific result is the ability to obtain both quantitative estimates of the impact of the direct components of the system "diver-sapper – special means of underwater demining – underwater location of an explosive object" and their relationship. The disadvantage is the large number of experimental results that must be obtained to implement the selected plan.

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AUV Sensors for Real-Time Detection, Localization, Characterization, and Monitoring of Underwater Munitions

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

Spread, Behavior, and Ecosystem Consequences of Conventional Munitions Compounds in Coastal Marine Waters

Spread, Behavior, and Ecosystem Consequences of Conventional Munitions Compounds in Coastal Marine Waters

Synthesizing the impact of sea-dumped munition and related chemicals on humans and the environment

Mathematical Model of Underwater Demining by Dipper Divers of the Sesu

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