Autumn migratory timing and pace are driven by breeding season carryover effects

Imlay, Tara L.; Mann, Hilary A. R.; Taylor, Philip D.

doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2021.05.003

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Such tight annual routines, typical of long-distance migrants [ 84 ], imply that the post-breeding period may have carry-over effects on reproduction and fitness. As expected, a straighter and faster pre-breeding migration was used by late-departing individuals, which allowed them to partly recover the initial delay [ 32 ]. However, such a deviation from the most frequent northward migration route may force them to use suboptimal corridors across large ecological barriers, potentially increasing mortality hazard.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…(e.g. [ 31 , 32 ]). Further, males and females may differ in migratory schedules or migratory tactics due to sex specific selective pressures [ 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a priori predictions, in accordance with the time-minimization hypothesis, we expected birds to migrate at a faster pace during pre- than post-breeding migration (e.g., [ 47 ]). Moreover, individuals departing late may adopt straighter routes and travel at higher speeds during both spring and autumn [ 32 ]. Although in previous studies of these populations no major sex differences in timing of the life cycle events emerged [ 40 ], we explored here whether route characteristics of males and females differed, possibly reflecting differences in morphology and aerodynamic costs of flight between the sexes [ 48 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Across the deserts and sea: inter-individual variation in migration routes of south-central European barn swallows (Hirundo rustica)

et al. 2022

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Background The spatiotemporal organization of migratory routes of long-distance migrants results from trade-offs between minimizing the journey length and en route risk of migration-related mortality, which may be reduced by avoiding crossing inhospitable ecological barriers. Despite flourishing avian migration research in recent decades, little is still known about inter-individual variability in migratory routes, as well as the carry-over effects of spatial and temporal features of migration on subsequent migration stages. Methods We reconstructed post- and pre-breeding migration routes, barrier crossing behaviour and non-breeding movements of the largest sample (N = 85) analysed to date of individual barn swallows breeding in south-central Europe, which were tracked using light-level geolocators. Results Most birds spent their non-breeding period in the Congo basin in a single stationary area, but a small fraction of itinerant individuals reaching South Africa was also observed. Birds generally followed a ‘clockwise loop migration pattern’, moving through the central Mediterranean and the Sahara Desert during post-breeding (north to south) migration yet switching to a more western route, along the Atlantic coast of Africa, Iberia and western Mediterranean during the pre-breeding (south to north) migration. Southward migration was straighter and less variable, while northward migration was significantly faster despite the broader detour along the Atlantic coast and Iberia. These patterns showed limited sex-related variability. The timing of different circannual events was tightly linked with previous migration stages, considerably affecting migration route and speed of subsequent movements. Indeed, individuals departing late from Africa performed straighter and faster pre-breeding migrations, partly compensating for the initial departure delays, but likely at the cost of performing riskier movements across ecological barriers. Conclusions Different spatiotemporal migration strategies during post- and pre-breeding migration suggest that conditions en route may differ seasonally and allow for more efficient travelling along different migration corridors in either season. While highlighting patterns of inter-individual variability, our results support increasing evidence for widespread loop migration patterns among Afro-Palearctic avian migrants. Also, they suggest that carry-over effects acting across different phases of the annual cycle of migratory species can have major impacts on evolutionary processes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…(e.g. [ 31 , 32 ]). Further, males and females may differ in migratory schedules or migratory tactics due to sex specific selective pressures [ 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Across the deserts and sea: inter-individual variation in migration routes of south-central European barn swallows (Hirundo rustica)

et al. 2022

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“…Furthermore, the lack of a relationship for female Tree Swallows could reflect species related differences in resource availability at some point during the annual cycle. For example, differences in the timing of migration for Barn and Tree Swallows (Gow et al 2019;Imlay et al 2021) could lead differences in the temporal occupancy of migratory roost sites and differences in the quality of these sites at different times during the season. Therefore, a large Barn Swallow population could increase competition in a resource-poor environment, however, that level of competition would not be the same for a large Tree Swallow population in a resource-rich environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual adult survival rates for four sympatric breeding swallow species: effects of environmental factors and density-dependence

et al. 2022

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Swallow (Family: Hirundinidae) populations in the Canadian Maritimes have declined since the 1980s. Using mark-recapture data from 2012–2019, we determined apparent annual adult survival rates for Barn Hirundo rustica Linnaeus, 1758, Tree Tachycineta bicolor Vieillot, 1808, Bank Riparia riparia Linnaeus, 1758, and Cliff swallows Petrochelidon pyrrhonota Vieillot, 1817. For two data-rich species (Barn and Tree swallows), we modelled the relationships between survival and weather (cold snaps, precipitation, temperature, and wind speed); climate (El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)); Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) as a measure of primary productivity during the winter; number of active nests as a measure of site quality; and the Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) annual population index as density dependent processes. Survival rates for all four species were typically higher (Barn and Tree) or similar to (Cliff and Bank) of estimates from populations that have not undergone severe, long-term declines. Across weather and climate variables, conditions that are typically favourable for high insect availability (e.g., higher precipitation, warmer temperatures and lower wind speeds) resulted in higher survival. For female Barn and Tree Swallows, survival was higher when EVI was lower, and for Barn Swallows, survival was also higher when the BBS index was higher. Collectively our results demonstrate that conditions throughout the annual cycle affect survival, and the relationships with weather and climate variables support the importance of high insect availability

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“…Traditional monitoring techniques can be supplemented by newer technologies that improve the feasibility and accuracy of longterm monitoring programs. In avian research, a number of advances have improved researchers' ability to monitor migration, breeding ecology, nest survival, and causes of mortality (Chiavacci et al 2018, Imlay et al 2021, Schreven et al 2021. Nest cameras have become a valuable tool for providing continuous observations of nest status, limiting the need for researchers to visit the nest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nest survival and cause-specific nest mortality in the San Clemente Bell’s Sparrow

Parsons¹,

Meiman²,

Munoz³

et al. 2022

JFO

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Nest monitoring and the use of camera systems can provide researchers with reproductive data integral to the successful management and recovery of threatened and endangered avian species. From 2012 to 2019, we used cameras to monitor 110 nests of the threatened San Clemente Bell's Sparrow (Artemisiospiza belli clementeae) to identify nest predators and evaluate threats to their recovery on San Clemente Island (SCI). We evaluated the effects of winter precipitation, nest initiation date, and nest substrate on nest survival rates. We also used cameras to identify and estimate cause-specific mortality rates from native and non-native nest predators. We did not observe significant impacts of precipitation or nest initiation date on nest survival. Nests in California boxthorn (Lycium californicum) had significantly lower survival rates than nests in other substrates. The native San Clemente Island fox (Urocyon littoralis clementae) was the most common nest predator, followed by non-native black rats (Rattus rattus). Overall, nests were much more likely to be predated by native than non-native predators. This suggests that San Clemente Bell's Sparrows could achieve recovery despite the presence of non-native predators. Our findings help describe and quantify the breeding ecology of San Clemente Bell's Sparrows, providing necessary information for data-driven management and recovery efforts.RESUMEN. El monitoreo de nidos y uso de sistemas de cámara pueden proveer a los investigadores con datos integrales reproductivos para el manejo exitoso y recuperación de especies de aves amenazadas y en peligro. Desde 2012 hasta 2019, utilizamos cámaras para monitorear 110 nidos de Artemisiospiza belli clementeae, una especie amenazada, para identificar los depredadores de los nidos y evaluar las amenazas para su recuperación en la isla de San Clemente (SCI). Evaluamos los efectos de la precipitación durante el invierno, fecha de inicio de la anidación y sustrato del nido sobre las tasas de supervivencia de los nidos. También utilizamos cámaras para identificar y estimar las causas específicas de las tasas de mortalidad por parte de depredadores de nidos nativos y no-nativos. No observamos impactos significativos de la precipitación o la fecha de iniciación de la anidación sobre la supervivencia del nido. Los nidos en Lycium californicum tuvieron una tasa de supervivencia significativamente menor que los nidos en otros sustratos. Urocyon littoralis clementae, una especie nativa, fue el depredador de nidos más común, seguido por la especie no nativa Rattus rattus. En general, los nidos fueron depredados con mayor probabilidad por depredadores nativos que por no-nativos. Esto sugiere que Artemisiospiza belli clementeae puede llegar a recuperarse a pesar de la presencia de depredadores no-nativos. Nuestros resultados ayudan a describir y cuantificar la ecología reproductiva de Artemisiospiza belli clementeae y provee la información necesaria para esfuerzos de manejo y recuperación basados en los datos.

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Autumn migratory timing and pace are driven by breeding season carryover effects

Cited by 11 publications

References 66 publications

Across the deserts and sea: inter-individual variation in migration routes of south-central European barn swallows (Hirundo rustica)

Across the deserts and sea: inter-individual variation in migration routes of south-central European barn swallows (Hirundo rustica)

Annual adult survival rates for four sympatric breeding swallow species: effects of environmental factors and density-dependence

Nest survival and cause-specific nest mortality in the San Clemente Bell’s Sparrow

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