Autumn establishment of three New Zealand cultivars of tall fescue<i>(Festuca arundinacea</i>Schreb.) for seed production

Hare, M. D.

doi:10.1080/00288233.1994.9513036

Cited by 4 publications

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References 8 publications

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“…These factors have a particularly dominant influence on seed yield in the first production year and the effects persist for several successive seed crops. The results confirm the importance of an adequate density of tillers prior to winter for seed yield of tall fescue (Robson 1968;Hare 1992Hare , 1993Hare , 1994. The pattern of response of seed yield to plant density was similar for each of the three row spacings in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Crop density and seed production of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreber). 1. Yield and plant development

Fairey¹,

Lefkovitch²

1999

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Fairey, N. A. and Lefkovitch, L. P. 1999. Crop density and seed production of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreber). 1. Yield and plant development. Can. J. Plant Sci. 79: 535-541. A field study was conducted with tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreber) to determine the effect of the initial population density and spatial arrangement of plants on crop development and seed yield. Individual seedling plants were transplanted at seven densities (1.6, 3.1, 6.3, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 plants m -2 ) and three row spacings (20, 40, and 80 cm), and characteristics of seed production were determined for 3 yr (1991)(1992)(1993). Over the 3 yr, heading commenced at dates differing by 15 d and was delayed, as density increased, by 8, 6, and 2 d, respectively, in the first, second, and third production years. The time of seed maturity differed among years (21 July to 4 August) but was generally unaffected by density or row spacing. In the first production year, seed yield increased with density up to 25 plants m -2 for each row spacing, then remained constant to at least 50 plants m -2 with both 20-or 40-cm rows; it decreased slightly at 100 plants m -2 with 20-cm rows. In the second production year, seed yield was relatively independent of plant density except that it decreased when the initial density was less than 6 plants m -2 with a row spacing of 80 cm, and tended to be greatest with the 40-cm row spacing at 6-25 plants m -2 . In the third production year, seed yield was much lower than in the previous 2 yr but the pattern of response to the density and row spacing treatments was similar to that in the second production year. The seed yield of tall fescue can be optimized for at least 3 consecutive years by establishing an initial density of 20-100 plants m -2 in rows spaced 20-60 cm apart. If the maximization of first-year seed yield is a priority, then the initial establishment should be at a density of 25-50 plants m -2 in rows spaced 20-40 cm apart. (1991)(1992)(1993) les caractères associés à la production semencière. Durant cette péri-ode, un écart de 15 j séparait les dates du début de l'épiaison entre la première et la troisième année de production. En plus, l'accroissement de la densité de peuplement retardait l'épiaison par 8, 6 et 2 j, respectivement, dans la première, la deuxième et la troisième année de production. La date de maturité des graines différait, selon l'année, du 21 juillet au 4 août, mais elle était généralement peu sensible à la densité de peuplement ou à la largeur d'écartement des lignes. Dans la première année de production, le rendement semencier augmentait en fonction de la densité de peuplement jusqu'à concurrence de 25 plantes par m 2 , dans chaque largeur d'interligne, pour ensuite plafonner jusqu'à la densité d'au moins 50 plantes par m 2 , sur les lignes écartées de 20 et de 40 cm, et enfin retomber légèrement à la densité de 100 plantes au m 2 , dans les lignes écartées de 20 cm. Dans la seconde année de production, le rendement semencier était relativement insensible à la...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Crop density and seed production of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreber). 1. Yield and plant development

Fairey¹,

Lefkovitch²

1999

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…The dependence of tall fescue seed yield on the number of panicles m -2 has been well documented in New Zealand by Hare (1992Hare ( , 1993Hare ( , 1994 who also found that fertile tiller density was particularly important for the first seed crop (Hare 1994). Based on these studies, and on others from the USA (Watson and Watson 1982;Albeke et al 1983;Chastain and Grabe 1989) and Japan (Suzuki 1989), which each reported a maximum density of reproductive tillers of 400 to 600 m -2 , Hare (1993) agreed with the earlier interpretation of Robson (1968) that the density of reproductive tillers in tall fescue may be limited genetically, and that insufficient nutrient resources may preclude the attainment of reproductive tiller densities as high as 1000 to 2000 m -2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop density and seed production of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreber). 2. Reproductive components and seed characteristics

Fairey

Lefkovitch²

1999

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Fairey, N. A. and Lefkovitch, L. P. 1999. Crop density and seed production of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreber). 2. Reproductive components and seed characteristics. Can. J. Plant Sci. 79: 543-549. The population density and spatial arrangement of plants may influence the productive life and performance characteristics of a perennial grass-seed crop. A study was conducted to determine the effects of the initial density (1.6, 3.1, 6.3, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 plants m -2 ) and row spacing (20, 40, and 80 cm) of plants on reproductive yield components and seed characteristics of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreber), over 3 consecutive production years (1991)(1992)(1993) in the Peace region of Canada. The weight proportion of cleaned-to-uncleaned seed was 85-86% for the three lowest plant densities and then decreased, as density increased, to 82% at 12.5 plants m -2 and 66% at 100 plants m -2 . The 1000-seed weight decreased as density increased and ranged from 1.68 to 2.22 g (i.e., 595 000 to 450 000 seeds kg -1 ). The specific seed weight ranged from 18 to 31 kg hL -1 ; it differed among years, but the effect of plant density was inconsistent. The germination capacity of the seed was unaffected by plant density, but differed among years; it averaged 87%, 88% and 59% in 1991, 1992 and 1993, respectively. The seed yield/plant, the number of panicles/plant, and the number of seeds/plant decreased exponentially as plant density increased. The number of clean seeds/panicle decreased, as plant density increased, in the first year but was less affected subsequently, particularly with the 20-cm row spacing. The seed yield was correlated closely with the number of panicles m -2 (r = 0.659***). An initial density no greater than 25 plants m -2 in rows spaced 20-40 cm apart enhanced seed quality by producing a greater proportion of clean seed which had a higher 1000-seed weight. Such a plant density, however, is at the low end of the optimum range for maximizing seed yield per unit land area. , sur les composantes du rendement grainier et sur les caractères des graines de la fétuque élevée (Festuca arundinacea Schreber), dans trois années de production consécutives : 1991 à 1993, dans la région de la Rivière-de-la-Paix au Canada. La proportion en poids graines propres/graines tout-venant était de 85 à 86 % aux trois densités de peuplement inférieures, mais en fonction de l'accroissement de la densité elle descendait à 82 % à celle de 12,5 plantes m 2 et à 66 % à celle de 100 plantes au m 2 . Le poids de 1000 graines diminuait à mesure qu'augmentait la densité, présentant un écart de 1,68 à 2,22 g (c.-à-d. 595 000 à 450 000 graines kg -1 ). Le poids à l'hectolitre des graines fluctuait de 18 à 31 kg et, bien que différent d'une année à l'autre, il ne manifestait aucun effet régulier de la densité de peuplement. Le pouvoir germinatif des graines était le même quelle que soit la densité de peuplement, mais il différait selon l'année, s'établissant, dans l'ordre, à 87, 88 et 59 % en moyenne en 1991, 1992 et 1993. ...

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Optimum Distribution Between Autumn-Applied and Spring-Applied Nitrogen in Seed Production of Tall Fescue

Gislum

Deleuran

Kristensen

et al. 2012

Journal of Plant Nutrition

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Autumn establishment of three New Zealand cultivars of tall fescue(Festuca arundinaceaSchreb.) for seed production

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Crop density and seed production of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreber). 1. Yield and plant development

Crop density and seed production of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreber). 1. Yield and plant development

Crop density and seed production of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreber). 2. Reproductive components and seed characteristics

Optimum Distribution Between Autumn-Applied and Spring-Applied Nitrogen in Seed Production of Tall Fescue

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