Autotrophic biofloc technology system (ABFT) using Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus obliquus positively affects performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Jung, Joo-Young; Damusaru, Jim Hyacinth; Park, Youngjin; Kim, Kyochan; Seong, Minji; Je, Hyeong-Woo; Kim, Soohwan; Bai, Sungchul C.

doi:10.1016/j.algal.2017.09.021

Cited by 43 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The values for proximal composition (34-38% crude protein of the dry weight), were close to the values of protein content suggested for the diet in rearing tilapia (25 and 40%) (Craig and Helfrich, 2002;El-Sayed, 2006). The lipid content of the biofloc 1.67 ± 0.33% of the dry matter was relatively low, as were the results found by Jung et al (2017). Several studies have reported low lipid levels in biofloc from fish (1.27 to 3.16% of dry matter) (Azim and Little, 2008;Luo et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…The highest WC was from the BFT-50 treatment (93.28 ± 12.89 L kg -1 ), while in the other treatments the consumption varied between 47.19-55.22 L kg -1 , showing a significant effect (p < 0.05) by supplemented with C. vulgaris and molasses application rates and their interaction. A similar result was found by Jung et al (2017) where WC decreased about 82% when supplementation with two microalgae species were used. The WC was similar (52.48 L kg -1 with 500 fish m -3 ) that reported by Lima et al (2018) and lower compared with 750 to 1250 fish m -3 (76.32 to 101.54 L kg -1 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…This result may be related to the concentration and or frequency of supplemented microalgae. The values for proximal composition (53-80% crude protein and 4-27% lipids of the dry weight) of tilapia were similar to those reported by Azim and Little (2008), Luo et al (2014) and Jung et al (2017). The biofloc can also be used as a supplementary food source contributing close to 50% of protein requirement for fish (Avnimelech, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The fish crude protein and lipids were affected (p < 0.05) by molasses application rates and their interaction. Jung et al (2017) identified an influence of supplementation with C. vulgaris and Scenedesmus obliquus on the nutritional values (protein and lipids) of the tilapia cultivated in a biofloc system. However, in our study, we did not find effects just by supplementing with microalgae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, although the use of bioflocs serves to feed aquatic animals, it has low lipid content and therefore requires supplementation with natural foods, such as microalgae (Jung et al, 2017;Marinho et al, 2017). Inoculation of C. vulgaris together with Scenedesmus obliquus, in the culture system without water exchange, may improve the survival and development of cultured organisms (Jung et al, 2017). When cultured under mixotrophic conditions, Chlorella sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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TILAPIA CULTIVATED IN A LOW-SALINITY BIOFLOC SYSTEM SUPPLEMENTED WITH <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> AND DIFFERENTS MOLASSES APPLICATION RATES

et al. 2019

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation with Chlorella vulgaris and molasses application rates on water quality, zootechnical performance, proximate composition and health status of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings cultivated in low-salinity (10 g L-1) biofloc systems. Four treatments were tested in a factorial design (supplemented with microalgae and molasses application rates): BFT-C30 (Biofloc supplemented with C. vulgaris and molasses application rates of 30% of the total daily feed); BFT-30 (Biofloc with molasses application rates of 30% of the total daily feed); BFT-C50 (Biofloc supplemented with C. vulgaris and molasses application rates of 50% of the total daily feed) and BFT-50 (Biofloc with molasses application rates of 50% of the total daily feed), for 70 days. Fingerlings of O. niloticus (initial mean weight of 3.15 ± 0.5 g) were stocked at a density of 680 fish m-3 in experimental units (50L), where 50% of this volume was biofloc previously matured. Throughout the experiment, they were supplemented with C. vulgaris every five days at the concentration of 5x10 4 cells mL-1. A significant interaction between supplementation with C. vulgaris and molasses application rates for final weight and length, survival, feed conversion ratio, specific growth rate, water consumption, protein efficiency ratio, sedimentation time, planktonic community and hematological indices were observed. The results indicated that the high molasses application rates (50%) in the biofloc system affects the zootechnical performance, water consumption, sedimentation time and the hematological indices of the Nile Tilapia fingerlings, hampering their development. Therefore, molasses application rates of 30% of the total daily feed for the tilapia fingerlings culture in low-salinity biofloc system is recommended.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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TILAPIA CULTIVATED IN A LOW-SALINITY BIOFLOC SYSTEM SUPPLEMENTED WITH <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> AND DIFFERENTS MOLASSES APPLICATION RATES

et al. 2019

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Biofloc technology as part of a sustainable aquaculture system: A review on the status and innovations for its expansion

McCusker

Bolton‐Warberg

Davies

et al. 2023

Aquaculture Fish & Fisheries

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Increased food demand, reflecting a rising global human population, attaining 8 billion in 2022, has furthered the intensification of farmed aquatic animal production. Intensification practices can be resource demanding for micro and macronutrients, dedicated feeds, fossil fuels, chemotherapeutics, and water. Water replaces evaporative losses and may be used to dilute nutrient‐rich wastewater. As an alternative to wastewater discharge, biofloc technology (BFT) uses microbes to manage nutrient levels in production systems. A microbial community grown at high densities can assimilate waste metabolites for growth. This is promoted by increasing the carbon–nitrogen (C:N) ratio using a combination of aquafeed fed to the fish and an additional carbohydrate source, for example, starch, molasses, or bran. The microbial biomass offers a continuous and additional food source to the farmed animal, thus reducing the need for finished aquafeeds and lowering the feed conversion ratio. Although the approach relies on multiple interacting species, BFT can be deployed in relatively low technology settings. This review considers the basis of BFT and identifies areas for innovation and expansion. For example, control of light quantity and quality can influence the biofloc and hence the growth of cultured species. Research on biofloc aquaculture is dominated by studies using tilapia and shrimp, but the technology could be applied to other species, particularly species that are tolerant of biofloc conditions and not highly carnivorous. Biofloc may be a useful biosecurity tool for all or part of the life cycle, and meals made from dried biofloc may enhance the production of cultured species. The key benefits of BFT can potentially be seen in reduced water consumption, lower feed requirements, and improved fish health. This review differs from current review papers in proposing the use of a life cycle assessment in conjunction with BFT, which may be a useful tool for describing and communicating the relative benefits of biofloc systems and their wider environmental impact. This study will serve as a useful knowledge base of BFT information for students, researchers, and stakeholders alike, offering a central source of the main aspects around the culturing of biofloc, key parameters, common species used, areas of potential improvement, and a discussion on where the future of BFT may lie.

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Replacing starch with resistant starch (Laminaria japonica) improves water quality, nitrogen and phosphorus budget and microbial community in hybrid snakehead (Channa maculata ♀ × Channa argus ♂)

Wang

Zuo

Wang

et al. 2023

Water Environment Research

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It is essential to increase the use of carbohydrates as an energy source and improve protein synthesis and utilization to reduce ammonia nitrogen emissions. A 60‐day cultural experiment was conducted to assess the impact of resistant starch (kelp meal, Laminaria japonica) replacing starch on water quality, nitrogen and phosphorus budget and microbial community of hybrid snakehead. Approximately 1350 experimental fish (11.4 ± 0.15 g) were randomly divided into control group (C, 20% starch) and four resistant starch groups: low replacement group (LR, 15% starch), medium replacement group (MR, 10% starch), high replacement group (HR, 5% starch) and full replacement group (FR, 0% starch). The crude protein and crude fat content of hybrid snakehead fish fed with the FR diet had the most significant improvement (P < 0.05). However, resistant starch also increased the effectiveness of nitrogen and phosphorus utilization in hybrid snakeheads, which decreased the proportion of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in tail water. The minimum nitrogen and phosphorus emission rate was when the starch level was 6.1%. Denitrifying microbes including Gemmobacter, Rhodobacter, Emticicia and Bosea have become much more prevalent in group FR (P < 0.05). In general, replacing starch with resistant starch can enhance the rate at which nitrogen and phosphorus are used in feeding, lessening water pollution and altering environmental microbial composition. Practitioner Points Resistant starch (RS) improves whole fish nutritional content. Resistant starch improves dietary nitrogen and phosphorus utilization. Resistant starch acts as a carbon source and encourages the colonization of denitrifying bacteria in water.

show abstract

Autotrophic biofloc technology system (ABFT) using Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus obliquus positively affects performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Cited by 43 publications

References 45 publications

TILAPIA CULTIVATED IN A LOW-SALINITY BIOFLOC SYSTEM SUPPLEMENTED WITH <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> AND DIFFERENTS MOLASSES APPLICATION RATES

TILAPIA CULTIVATED IN A LOW-SALINITY BIOFLOC SYSTEM SUPPLEMENTED WITH <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> AND DIFFERENTS MOLASSES APPLICATION RATES

Biofloc technology as part of a sustainable aquaculture system: A review on the status and innovations for its expansion

Replacing starch with resistant starch (Laminaria japonica) improves water quality, nitrogen and phosphorus budget and microbial community in hybrid snakehead (Channa maculata ♀ × Channa argus ♂)

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