Autosterilization in Low-Velocity Bullets

Wolf, Alan W.; Benson, Daniel R.; Shoji, Hiroto; Hoeprich, Paul D.; Gilmore, A. C.

doi:10.1097/00005373-197801000-00012

Cited by 82 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…Previous studies have suggested that shotgun wounds are prone to contamination by infectious agents 29 and that bacteria can survive high-velocities bullets. 30,31 In our series, the intraocular pellet was removed during vitrectomy in all the penetrating injuries and we used postoperative topical antibiotics in all cases and prophylactic systemic ciprofloxacin in nine patients (45%). The use of systemic antibiotics was left to the discretion of the operating surgeon.…”

Section: Eyementioning

confidence: 99%

Vitreoretinal surgery for shotgun eye injuries: outcomes and complications

Khoueir¹,

Cherfan²,

Assi³

2015

Eye

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Section: Eyementioning

confidence: 99%

Vitreoretinal surgery for shotgun eye injuries: outcomes and complications

Khoueir¹,

Cherfan²,

Assi³

2015

Eye

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“…Dickey et al [10], in a prospective, randomized study, treated gunshot fractures nonoperatively with and without antibiotics and found similar infection rates between the two groups. However, many investigators advocate the use of antibiotics after gunshot trauma of the extremities [6,15,17,41] since it has been shown, both in vitro [36,40] and in the clinical setting [33], that most gunshot wounds are contaminated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotics in the Treatment of Low-velocity Gunshot-induced Fractures: A Systematic Literature Review

Papasoulis

Patzakis

Zalavras

2013

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Background Low-velocity gunshots are often associated with extremity fractures. There is no consensus, however, on the use of antibiotics for these injuries. Questions/purposes We performed a literature review to answer the following questions: (1) Are antibiotics needed for the treatment of these fractures? (2) Is gram-negative coverage necessary? (3) How long should antibiotics be administered? And (4) which is the optimal administration route? Methods We conducted a MEDLINE 1 search and found only two relevant prospective, randomized studies. Further searches identified all case series with information on the use of antibiotics in gunshot fractures. In total, 33 studies provided enough data to answer the study questions. An assessment of the quality of the identified studies was performed. Twenty-three studies met at least 1 .2 of the quality items of the assessment tool.

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“…The role of infection in the pathogenesis of hemoptysis remains unclear, given that the heat generated during discharging of a firearm is generally considered to render a bullet sterile (3). However, there is experimental evidence challenging this assumption (4), such that the possibility of pre-existing fungal contamination of the bullet cannot be excluded. Alternatively, retained bullet fragments are foreign bodies that potentially could provide a nidus for colonization by inhaled microorganisms (4,5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there is experimental evidence challenging this assumption (4), such that the possibility of pre-existing fungal contamination of the bullet cannot be excluded. Alternatively, retained bullet fragments are foreign bodies that potentially could provide a nidus for colonization by inhaled microorganisms (4,5). Overall, this case illustrates that the role of infection in the pathogenesis of hemoptysis complicating a gunshot wound to the lung is difficult to establish definitively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Unusual Example of Asperigillus Species Lung Disease

Pardy

Grymaloski²,

Walker³

2001

Canadian Respiratory Journal

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A 37-year-old man complained of a one-year history of mild hemoptysis, in which he would cough up small, dark clots most mornings and streaks of bright blood with vigorous exertion. The initial onset of hemoptysis occurred 10 days after he was shot in the right shoulder in Honduras. Treatment at the time of the shooting included emergency surgical repair of the right humerus. He was otherwise in excellent health; he had no shortness of breath, his weight was stable, and he had neither night sweats nor fever.The patient had no history of bleeding from his nose, genitourinary tract or bowel. There was no family history of bleeding disorders. The patient had a 20 pack-year smoking history and reported modest alcohol intake. He had no history of respiratory disease, but his purified protein derivative was strongly positive on immigration to Canada. He was taking no medications.A physical examination was normal, apart from the scars in the area of his right humerus and shoulder from the bullet wounds and surgery. In particular, he was not clubbed, nor A 37-year-old man developed persistent hemoptysis after sustaining a gunshot wound to the right shoulder and lung. A right upper lobectomy was performed, in which Aspergillus species microorganisms were identified within retained bullet fragments. The role of infected bullet fragments in the pathogenesis of hemoptysis in this patient is discussed.

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Autosterilization in Low-Velocity Bullets

Cited by 82 publications

References 0 publications

Vitreoretinal surgery for shotgun eye injuries: outcomes and complications

Vitreoretinal surgery for shotgun eye injuries: outcomes and complications

Antibiotics in the Treatment of Low-velocity Gunshot-induced Fractures: A Systematic Literature Review

An Unusual Example of Asperigillus Species Lung Disease

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