Autoradiographic studies of [3H]zearalenone in mice

Appelgren, Lars‐Erik; Arora, Ram Gopal; Larsson, Peter

doi:10.1016/0300-483x(82)90033-6

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The chorioallantoic placenta is vascularized by allantoic vessels and becomes more permeable [56]. Time that ZEN exists in the body could be extended due to the extensive enterohepatic cycling [6], [57]. Thus, a high dose of the toxin could transfer to the embryos.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The adverse effects of ZEN may be even more pronounced during pregnancy, as the fetuses are susceptible to toxins due to their fragile developmental state and inadequate defense mechanism. Many studies have shown that ZEN can change the intrauterine environment during early gestation by affecting the secretory mechanism of the endometrium [6], [7]. Indeed, exposure of fetuses to ZEN led to impaired development and decreased litter size [8], [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toxic Effects of Maternal Zearalenone Exposure on Intestinal Oxidative Stress, Barrier Function, Immunological and Morphological Changes in Rats

et al. 2014

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The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of maternal zearalenone (ZEN) exposure on the intestine of pregnant Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and its offspring. Ninety-six pregnant SD rats were randomly divided into four groups and were fed with diets containing ZEN at concentrations of 0.3 mg/kg, 48.5 mg/kg, 97.6 mg/kg or 146.0 mg/kg from gestation days (GD) 1 to 7. All rats were fed with mycotoxin-free diet until their offspring were weaned at three weeks of age. The small intestinal fragments from pregnant rats at GD8, weaned dams and pups were collected and studied for toxic effects of ZEN on antioxidant status, immune response, expression of junction proteins, and morphology. The results showed that ZEN induced oxidative stress, affected the villous structure and reduced the expression of junction proteins claudin-4, occludin and connexin43 (Cx43) in a dose-dependent manner in pregnant rats. Different effects on the expression of cytokines were also observed both in mRNA and protein levels in these pregnant groups. Ingestion of high levels of ZEN caused irreversible damage in weaned dams, such as oxidative stress, decreased villi hight and low expression of junction proteins and cytokines. Decreased expression of jejunal interleukin-8 (IL-8) and increased expression of gastrointestinal glutathione peroxidase (GPx2) mRNA were detected in weaned offspring, indicating long-term damage caused by maternal ZEN. We also found that the Nrf2 expression both in mRNA and protein levels were up-regulated in the ZEN-treated groups of pregnant dams and the high-dose of ZEN group of weaned dams. The data indicate that modulation of Nrf2-mediated pathway is one of mechanism via which ZEN affects gut wall antioxidant and inflammatory responses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic Effects of Maternal Zearalenone Exposure on Intestinal Oxidative Stress, Barrier Function, Immunological and Morphological Changes in Rats

et al. 2014

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“…I n the testis this metabolite is testosterone and is formed in the interstitial tissue (Setchell & Main 1975), but in the vas deferens (and possibly adjacent epididymis) the predominantly reductive reactions occur in the epithelium (T. G. Cooper, unpublished observations). After injection of [sH] androstenedione and [3H] dihydrotestosterone into mice radioautographic localisation was mainly demonstrated in epithelial cells of the vas deferens, but some tubular location in the caput epididymidis was observed (Appelgren 1971(Appelgren , 1972. I n summary, several steroids in epididymal fluid may originate from the blood by transfer through the epithelium, where metabolic interconversion may occur.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The General Importance of Proteins and other Factors in the Transfer of Steroids into the Rat Epididymis

Cooper

1980

Int J of Andrology

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The entry of total radioactivity into the perfused tubule of the cauda epididymidis was measured during intravenous infusion of labelled steroids into the anaesthetised rat. The effect of altering the composition of the perfusate on this entry and the nature of radiometabolites was also studied. No radioactivity entered the epididymal lumen during infusions of cholesterol, and in the absence of luminal proteins the entry of isotope was generally low (< 14% plasma levels) for all steroids except dehydroepi‐androsterone. C21/22‐steroids exhibited a delay of about 30 min before a slow rise in luminal activity reached between 3% and 14% plasma levels. For C19‐steroids a low plateau level of radioactivity was reached (at 6%‐9% plasma levels) with dihydrotestosterone and androstenedione. whereas luminal activity continued to rise with respect to blood during infusions of dehydroepiandrosterone. When protein was added to the perfusing solution the delay in entry of radioactivity was decreased and plateau levels established for C21/22‐steroids (at 14%‐38% plasma levels). The extents of entry of dihydrotestosterone and androstenedione were raised (34%‐47%) and radioactivity continued to rise in the lumen relative to blood, but at a faster rate during infusions of dehydroepiandrosterone and perfusion with protein. Testicular fluid protein had little effect on the entry of activity for any steroid. There was no correlation between the extent of entry of tracer with binding of the steroids to plasma or perfusates, or partition into lipids. Tentative identification of metabolites indicated an entry of both dihydrotestosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone during their respective infusions. Androstenedione and andro‐stanediols were excluded whereas 5u‐reduced metabolites appeared during of androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone.

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“…Previous autoradiographic studies have demonstrated a distinct localization of radioactivity in the nasal and bronchial mucosa after intravenous injection of various I4C-labelled steroid hormones in mice (Appelgren 1967(Appelgren , 1969(Appelgren , 1971a(Appelgren , 1972Ullberg & Bengtsson 1963). Recent studies have shown that the rat and mouse nasal mucosa has a high ability to metabolize different xenobiotics (Brittebo 1982a & b;Brittebo & Tjalve 1983;Brittebo & Ahlman 1984), and some endogenous steroid hormones (Brittebo 1982b;Brittebo & Rafter 1984).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of Oestradiol in the Rat Nasal Mucosa

Brittebo

1985

Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica

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The metabolism of 4–14C–oestradiol in the rodent respiratory tract has been investigated in vitro. Using thin–layer radiochromatography, at least 3 and 2 metabolites were found at incubation with slices from the rat olfactory mucosa and lung, respectively. Autoradiography of the nasal region of rats injected intravenously with 4–14C–oestradiol showed a high level of radioactivity in the mucosa covering the respiratory region, and in the subepithelial parts of the olfactory mucosa. Autoradiography of rat and mouse lung slices incubated with 4–14C–oestradiol showed that a selective localization of radioactivity occurred in the bronchial mucosa. The radioactivity in the mucosa of the respiratory tract was reversibly bound and could be extracted with organic solvents

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Autoradiographic studies of [3H]zearalenone in mice

Cited by 22 publications

References 5 publications

Toxic Effects of Maternal Zearalenone Exposure on Intestinal Oxidative Stress, Barrier Function, Immunological and Morphological Changes in Rats

Toxic Effects of Maternal Zearalenone Exposure on Intestinal Oxidative Stress, Barrier Function, Immunological and Morphological Changes in Rats

The General Importance of Proteins and other Factors in the Transfer of Steroids into the Rat Epididymis

Localization of Oestradiol in the Rat Nasal Mucosa

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