“…In vivo , systemic I 2 R agonist administration increases dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), and norepinephrine (NE) levels in several CNS regions including striatum, frontal cortex, dorsal raphe, hippocampus, and spinal cord (Nutt et al ., 1995; Nutt et al ., 1997; Ugedo et al ., 1999; Sastre-Coll et al ., 2001; Finn et al ., 2002; Ferrari et al ., 2011). Investigations on the CNS distribution of I 2 Rs have shown that I 2 Rs are enriched in brain regions including arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ArcN), interpeduncular nucleus (IPN), paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT), lateral mammillary nucleus (LMN), dorsal raphe (DR), nucleus accumbens (NAc), and medial habenula (MH) in rat and mouse brain (MacKinnon et al ., 1995; Lione et al ., 1998; MacInnes & Handley, 2005). Yet, while intracerebroventricular injections of 2-BFI produce antinociception (Thorn et al ., 2016a), the specific brain regions mediating this effect and other I 2 R-associated effects have not yet been demonstrated through functional studies.…”