Autoradiographic identification of rabbit retinal neurons that take up GABA

Ehinger, Berndt

doi:10.1007/bf02112673

Cited by 79 publications

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“…Recent autoradiographic studies of the distribution of 3H-GABA in rat brain slices in vitro (Hokfelt & Ljungdahl, 1970;Bloom & Iversen, 1971) and in the retina in vitro and in vivo (Ehinger, 1970;Lam & Steinman, 1971;Ehinger & Falck, 1971 ;Neal & Iversen, 1972), suggest that the labelled amino acid is selectively accumulated by certain nerve-endings, neurones, and neuroglia. When rat retinae were incubated with 3H-GABA under the conditions of the present study, a large proportion of the radioactive amino acid was found to be taken up and accumulated by the neuroglial Muller cells; a smaller proportion of the 3H-GABA was accumulated by cells in the inner nuclear layer which had the position of amacrine cells (Iversen & Neal, 1972).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent autoradiographic studies have confirmed that the retina is capable of accumulating radioactive GABA (Ehinger, 1970;Ehinger & Falck, 1971;Lam & Steinman, 1971;Neal & Iversen, 1972) and the present experiments were undertaken to establish the properties of the GABA uptake system in the mammalian retina. Preliminary results of these studies have been reported previously (Goodchild & Neal, 1970) and have recently been confirmed by Starr & Voaden (1972).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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The uptake of ³H‐γ‐aminobutyric acid by the retina

Goodchild

Neal

1973

British J Pharmacology

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Summary1. The accumulation of 3H-y-aminobutyric acid (GABA) by the isolated rat retina has been measured. 2. When retinae were incubated at 370 C in a medium containing 3H-GABA, tissue: medium ratios of about 25: 1 were attained after a 30 min incubation. 3. After incubations of 40 min at 370 C, almost all (98%) the radioactivity in the tissue was present as unchanged 3H-GABA. 4. The process responsible for 3H-GABA uptake showed many of the properties of an active uptake system: it was temperature-sensitive, required the presence of sodium ions in the external medium, was inhibited by anoxia, dinitrophenol and ouabain, and showed saturation kinetics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

The uptake of ³H‐γ‐aminobutyric acid by the retina

Goodchild

Neal

1973

British J Pharmacology

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“…multiple subclasses of amacrine cells (Ehinger, 1970;Koontz & Hendrickson, 1990) that provide inhibitory feedback to a variety of different visual pathways. Immunoreactive bipolar cells have also been found (Brecha & Weigmann, 1991;Greferath et al 1993;Vardi et al 1994).…”

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confidence: 99%

The expression of GABA_Areceptors during the development of the rabbit retina

Mei

Bruun

Ehinger

1998

Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica

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ABSTRACT.Purpose: Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the retina, possibly participating in its normal development. The distribution of gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors was therefore examined in mature and developing rabbit retina by GABA A receptor alpha 1 and beta 2/3 subunit immunocytochemistry. Results: Beta 2/3 subunits appeared already at the E25 stage (25 days after gestation) although only weakly and irregularly. Alpha 1 subunit immunoreactivity was first observed at birth. On the fifth postnatal day, immunostaining was clearly seen in the inner plexiform layer, and weaker, in the outer plexiform layer. There were at this stage no well-delineated sublayers in either the inner or the outer plexiform layer, but three clearly defined sublayers appeared in the inner plexiform layer at PN10. Amacrine cell bodies now also appeared, labelling for both the GABA A receptor alpha 1 and the beta 2/3 chains. A punctuate labelling appeared in the outer plexiform layer. From the 20th postnatal day, the immunoreactivity was similar to that seen in adult rabbits. Conclusions: Like in the adult, the alpha 1 and beta 2/3 subunits of the GABA A receptor thus colocalize predominantly in certain amacrine cells and in processes of the inner plexiform layer during the development of the retina. The GABA A receptors appear later than GABA during the development of the rabbit retina, and functioning GABA neurotransmitter circuits appear to be assembled primarily after the 3rd to 5th postnatal day. Our results support the hypothesis that GABA may have other functions than mediating classic synaptic neurotransmission before the formation of receptors containing the alpha 1 and beta 2/3 subunits. Like in the brain, the alpha subunits may have more selective functions during the development than the beta subunits.

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“…In view of these developments, we have begun immunocytochemical studies of neurotransmitter-synthesizing enzymes in the rabbit retina, and we describe here the localization of GADase in this retina. In addition, the results of autoradiographic studies on the uptake of GABA are presented and compared to those reported for various species (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23).…”

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The gamma-aminobutyric acid system in rabbit retina: localization by immunocytochemistry and autoradiography.

Brandon¹,

Lam²,

Wu³

1979

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

113

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The localization of y-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons in the rabbit retina has been studied by immunocytochemical localization of the GABA-synthesizing enzyme L-glutamate decarboxylase (L-glutamate 1-carboxy-lyase, EC 4.1.1.15) and by [3H1GABA uptake autoradiography. When Triton X-100 was included in immunocytochemical incubations with a modified protein A-peroxidase-antiperoxidase method, reaction product was found in four broad, evenly spaced laminae within the inner plexiform layer. In the absence of the detergent, these laminae were seen to be composed of small, punctate deposits. When colchicine was injected intravitreally before glutamate decarboxylase staining, cell bodies with the characteristic shape and location of amacrine cells were found to be immunochemically labeled. Intravitreally administered 13H1GABA produced a diffuse labeling of the inner lexiforin ayer and a dense labeling of certain amacrine cell bodies in the inner nuclear layer. Both Evidence has accumulated to support the idea that -y-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a neurotransmitter in the vertebrate retina (for review, see ref. 1). Both GABA and its rate-limiting synthetic enzyme L-glutamate decarboxylase (GADase; Lglutamate 1-carboxy-lyase, EC 4.1.1.15) have been measured after microdissection of the retina and shown to be concentrated in the inner plexiform layer (2, 3). Use of immunocytochemical techniques for the visualization of GADase has permitted an even more accurate localization of GABA neurons. By using this approach, GADase has been localized to HI horizontal cells and certain amacrine cells of the goldfish retina (4). In mammals, Barber and Saito (5) demonstrated a wide band of GADasepositive immunochemical reaction product throughout the inner plexiform layer of the rat, which appeared to be subdi: vided into an indeterminate number of narrower bands. On the basis of preliminary electron microscopic examination, Wood et al. (6) suggested that the stained terminals were those of certain amacrine cells.Among mammalian retinas, the rabbit retina has been the most extensively studied (7,8). In addition, the development of a satisfactory isolated retinal preparation has made. possible quantitative biochemical, physiological, pharmacological, and biochemical studies of this retina in vitro (9-12). More recently, Caldwell and Daw (13-15) have also developed a system for pharmacological studies of the rabbit retina in vivo. In view of these developments, we have begun immunocytochemical studies of neurotransmitter-synthesizing enzymes in the rabbit retina, and we describe here the localization of GADase in this retina. In addition, the results of autoradiographic studies on the uptake of GABA are presented and compared to those reported for various species (16-23). MATERIALS AND METHODSImmunocytochemistry. Tissue fixation. To make a normal tissue preparation, eyes were removed from sodium pentobarbital-anesthestized rabbits. In some experiments, colchicine (0.50 mg in 0.50 ml of sterile isotonic saline) was injected intra...

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Autoradiographic identification of rabbit retinal neurons that take up GABA

Cited by 79 publications

References 0 publications

The uptake of ³H‐γ‐aminobutyric acid by the retina

The uptake of ³H‐γ‐aminobutyric acid by the retina

The expression of GABA_Areceptors during the development of the rabbit retina

The gamma-aminobutyric acid system in rabbit retina: localization by immunocytochemistry and autoradiography.

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Autoradiographic identification of rabbit retinal neurons that take up GABA

Cited by 79 publications

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The uptake of 3H‐γ‐aminobutyric acid by the retina

The uptake of 3H‐γ‐aminobutyric acid by the retina

The expression of GABAAreceptors during the development of the rabbit retina

The gamma-aminobutyric acid system in rabbit retina: localization by immunocytochemistry and autoradiography.

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The uptake of ³H‐γ‐aminobutyric acid by the retina

The uptake of ³H‐γ‐aminobutyric acid by the retina

The expression of GABA_Areceptors during the development of the rabbit retina