Autophagy-prominent cell clusters among human lens epithelial cells: integrated single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis

Abstract

Background Autophagy is an important process that maintains the quality of intracellular proteins and organelles. There is extensive evidence that autophagy has an important role in the lens. Human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) play a key role in the internal homeostasis of the lens. HLEC subtypes have been identified, but autophagy-prominent cell clusters among HLECs have not been characterized. Purpose To explore the existence of autophagy-prominent cell clusters in HLECs. Methods Three donated lenses (HLECs from two whole lenses and HLECs from one lens without the anterior central 6-mm zone) were used for single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). AUCell and AddModuleScore analysis were used to identify potential autophagy-prominent cell clusters. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to confirm the results. Results High-quality transcripts from 18,120 cells were acquired by scRNA-seq of the two intact lenses. Unsupervised clustering classified the cells into four clusters. AUCell and AddModuleScore analysis revealed cluster 1 is autophagy-prominent. scRNA-seq analysis of HLECs from the lens capsule lacking the central zone confirmed the cluster 1 HLECs was located in the central capsule zone. The TEM result showed that greater autophagy activity was observed in the HLECs in central capsule zone, which further supported the above conclusions based on scRNA-seq analysis that autophagy was prominent in the central zone where the cluster 1 HLECs located. Conclusions We identified an autophagy-prominent cell cluster among HLECs and revealed that it was localized in the central zone of the lens capsule. Our findings will aid investigations of autophagy in HLECs and provide insights to guide related research.

Integrated single-cell multiomics uncovers foundational regulatory mechanisms of lens development and pathology

“…While recent studies have reported single-cell RNA-seq analysis of the lens in zebrafish 52 , mouse 53 , and human [93][94][95] , there remains a need to apply single-cell multiomic outlooks to comprehensively examine lens development. The present work encompasses a comprehensive multiomic analysis of the embryonic chicken lens at single-cell resolution, which portrays a novel, holistic perspective of epithelial to fiber cell differentiation and the associated gene regulatory mechanisms.…”

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Analysis of the Early Postnatal Mouse Lens Epithelium

“… 13 , 14 In order to characterize the different LEC transcriptional states and to probe potential subpopulations that underscore this critical proliferative event, we utilized single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology. Previous single-cell RNA sequencing studies in the lens have been conducted in zebrafish, 15 , 16 human, 17 – 19 Drosophila , 20 chick, 21 and adult murine lenses. 22 However, the early postnatal mouse lens epithelium has not yet been characterized using this method.…”