Autophagy modulation in bladder cancer development and treatment (Review)

Li, Faping; Guo, Hui; Yang, Yuxuan; Feng, Mingliang; Liu, Bin; Ren, Xiang; Zhou, Honglan

doi:10.3892/or.2019.7286

Cited by 37 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Previous studies found that BC exhibit a high basal level of autophagic activity that may reduce the effectiveness of current anticancer treatment, a process known as protective autophagy 23 . Therefore, we sought to identify the role of miconazole in protective autophagy, the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was utilized for analyzing morphological features of autophagy in BC cells.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies found that BC exhibit a high basal level of autophagic activity that may reduce the effectiveness of current anticancer treatment, a process known as protective autophagy. 23 an mTOR-independent manner. 25 We revealed that miconazole promoted AMPK phosphorylation ( Figure 2D,E) and inhibited the activity of AKT ( Figure S1C), suggesting that miconazole promotes autophagy function via AMPK upregulation and AKT downregulation.…”

Section: Miconazole Promotes Lc3 and P62 Expression In Human Bc Cellsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Miconazole induces protective autophagy in bladder cancer cells

Ho¹,

Chang²,

Hsu³

et al. 2020

Environmental Toxicology

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Autophagy plays a dual function in cancer progression; autophagy activation can support cancer cell survival or contribute to cell death. Miconazole, a Food and Drug Administration‐approved antifungal drug, has been implicated in oncology research recently. Miconazole was found to exert antitumor effects in various tumors, including bladder cancer (BC). However, whether it provokes protective autophagy has been never discussed. We provide evidence that miconazole induces protective autophagy in BC for the first time. The results indicated that 1A/1B‐light chain 3 (LC3)‐II processing and p62 expression were elevated after miconazole exposure. Also, adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase phosphorylation was increased after miconazole treatment. We also confirmed the autophagy‐promoting effect of miconazole in the presence of bafilomycin A1 (Baf A1). The result indicates that a combination treatment of miconazole and Baf A1 improved LC3‐II processing, confirming that miconazole promoted autophagic flux. The acridine orange, Lysotracker, and cathepsin D staining results indicate that miconazole increased lysosome formation, revealing its autophagy‐promoting function. Finally, miconazole and autophagy inhibitor 3‐methyladenine cotreatment further reduced the cell viability and induced apoptosis in BC cells, proving that miconazole provokes protective autophagy in BC cells. Our findings approve that miconazole has an antitumor effect in promoting cell apoptosis; however, its function of protective autophagy is needed to be concerned in cancer treatment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies found that BC exhibit a high basal level of autophagic activity that may reduce the effectiveness of current anticancer treatment, a process known as protective autophagy. 23 an mTOR-independent manner. 25 We revealed that miconazole promoted AMPK phosphorylation ( Figure 2D,E) and inhibited the activity of AKT ( Figure S1C), suggesting that miconazole promotes autophagy function via AMPK upregulation and AKT downregulation.…”

Section: Miconazole Promotes Lc3 and P62 Expression In Human Bc Cellsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Miconazole induces protective autophagy in bladder cancer cells

Ho¹,

Chang²,

Hsu³

et al. 2020

Environmental Toxicology

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“…The ULK kinase complex phosphorylates and activates autophagy and beclin-1 regulator (AMBRA) protein, and AMBRA then phosphorylates a class III phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) complex consisting of Beclin1, ATG14L, VPS34 and VPS15 [ 16 ]. The activated PI3K complex can now convert phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) to phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-bisphosphate (PIP3) [ 47 ]. The elevation of the surrounding PIP3 concentration attracts another two proteins called WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein (WIPI2) and zinc-finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1 (DFCP1) to the PAS membrane [ 46 ].…”

Section: Autophagy Types and Process And Functional Roles Of Autophamentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of autophagy by microRNAs in human breast cancer

Chong

Yeap

2021

J Biomed Sci

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Breast cancer is the most common solid cancer that affects female population globally. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that can regulate post-transcriptional modification of multiple downstream genes. Autophagy is a conserved cellular catabolic activity that aims to provide nutrients and degrade un-usable macromolecules in mammalian cells. A number of in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies have reported that some miRNAs could modulate autophagy activity in human breast cancer cells, and these would influence human breast cancer progression and treatment response. Therefore, this review was aimed to discuss the roles of autophagy-regulating miRNAs in influencing breast cancer development and treatment response. The review would first introduce autophagy types and process, followed by the discussion of the roles of different miRNAs in modulating autophagy in human breast cancer, and to explore how would this miRNA-autophagy regulatory process affect the disease progression or treatment response. Lastly, the potential applications and challenges of utilizing autophagy-regulating miRNAs as breast cancer biomarkers and novel therapeutic agents would be discussed.

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“…In contrast, O. tsutsugamushi the etiologic agent of scrub typhus, a disease endemic to the Asian continent and present throughout Indonesia and northern Australia, is transmitted mainly by the bite of larva life stage-infected Leptotrombidium mites (49,50). HME, HGA and scrub typhus have similar clinical presentations characterized by initial symptoms including fever, headache, myalgia, nausea, confusion, conjunctival injection (red eyes), and chills within the first two weeks following infection (1,3,15). Common laboratory abnormalities include thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, anemia, and elevated hepatic transaminases (2,14,(16)(17)(18).…”

Section: Anaplasmataceae: Intracellular Pathogens Of Life-threatening Human Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The autophagic process can be divided into distinct stages, including autophagy induction, phagophore formation and elongation, cargo recognition, autophagosome maturation, lysosomal fusion and autophagosome degradation (13,15). In coordination with these steps are several major signaling pathways and autophagy-related genes (ATGs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaplasmataceae: Dichotomous Autophagic Interplay for Infection

2021

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Autophagy is a vital conserved degradative process that maintains cellular homeostasis by recycling or eliminating dysfunctional cellular organelles and proteins. More recently, autophagy has become a well-recognized host defense mechanism against intracellular pathogens through a process known as xenophagy. On the host-microbe battlefield many intracellular bacterial pathogens have developed the ability to subvert xenophagy to establish infection. Obligately intracellular bacterial pathogens of the Anaplasmataceae family, including Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Anaplasma phaogocytophilium and Orientia tsutsugamushi have developed a dichotomous strategy to exploit the host autophagic pathway to obtain nutrients while escaping lysosomal destruction for intracellular survival within the host cell. In this review, the recent findings regarding how these master manipulators engage and inhibit autophagy for infection are explored. Future investigation to understand mechanisms used by Anaplasmataceae to exploit autophagy may advance novel antimicrobial therapies and provide new insights into how intracellular microbes exploit autophagy to survive.

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Autophagy modulation in bladder cancer development and treatment (Review)

Cited by 37 publications

References 77 publications

Miconazole induces protective autophagy in bladder cancer cells

Miconazole induces protective autophagy in bladder cancer cells

Regulation of autophagy by microRNAs in human breast cancer

Anaplasmataceae: Dichotomous Autophagic Interplay for Infection

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