Autophagy in cultured murine neurons infected with equid herpesvirus 1

Cymerys, Joanna; Miszczak, Dariusz; Słońska, Anna; Golke, Anna; Banbura, M.

doi:10.4149/av_2014_03_292

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…EHV-1 is a pathogen that causes respiratory diseases, abortion, and neurological disorders in horses. EHV-1 belongs to the Alpaherpesvirinae subfamily and has a double-stranded DNA genome (Cymerys et al, 2014). EHV-1 infection in the primary culture of murine neurons induces autophagy (Cymerys et al, 2014).…”

Section: Other Animal Viruses and Autophagymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EHV-1 belongs to the Alpaherpesvirinae subfamily and has a double-stranded DNA genome (Cymerys et al, 2014). EHV-1 infection in the primary culture of murine neurons induces autophagy (Cymerys et al, 2014). However, EHV-1-induced autophagy has no effect on EHV-1 replication (Cymerys et al, 2014).…”

Section: Other Animal Viruses and Autophagymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…( 2) Autophagy plays a negative role in virus replication, such as the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) (Sharma et al, 2014). ( 3) Autophagy has no effect on virus infection; for example, equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) activates autophagy, which has no effect on its replication (Cymerys et al, 2014) (Figure 2). Over the past few decades, researchers have focused mainly on the interaction between human viruses and autophagy, while relatively few reports have reviewed the interactions between animal viruses and autophagy.…”

Section: Introduction To Autophagymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Multi-Faceted Role of Autophagy During Animal Virus Infection

Jiang

Kan

Ding

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Autophagy is a process of degradation to maintain cellular homeostatic by lysosomes, which ensures cellular survival under various stress conditions, including nutrient deficiency, hypoxia, high temperature, and pathogenic infection. Xenophagy, a form of selective autophagy, serves as a defense mechanism against multiple intracellular pathogen types, such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites. Recent years have seen a growing list of animal viruses with autophagy machinery. Although the relationship between autophagy and human viruses has been widely summarized, little attention has been paid to the role of this cellular function in the veterinary field, especially today, with the growth of serious zoonotic diseases. The mechanisms of the same virus inducing autophagy in different species, or different viruses inducing autophagy in the same species have not been clarified. In this review, we examine the role of autophagy in important animal viral infectious diseases and discuss the regulation mechanisms of different animal viruses to provide a potential theoretical basis for therapeutic strategies, such as targets of new vaccine development or drugs, to improve industrial production in farming.

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Section: Other Animal Viruses and Autophagymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Other Animal Viruses and Autophagymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction To Autophagymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Multi-Faceted Role of Autophagy During Animal Virus Infection

Jiang

Kan

Ding

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…However, Alexander et al found that HSV-1-induced autophagy has no effect on viral replication, that HSV-1 ICP34.5-deleted mutants cause autophagy, and that inhibition of HSV-1 ICP34.5-deleted mutant-induced autophagy has no effect on viral replication [ 92 ]. The early stages of EHV-1 infection of cultured murine neurons causes autophagy but has no effect on EHV-1 replication [ 93 ]. This seemingly contradictory outcome has a reasonable explanation: on the one hand, other forms of autophagy in addition to xenophagy may be involved in immune regulation, whereas on the other hand, other factors initiated by innate immune and acquired immunity may be involved in immune regulation.…”

Section: The Roles Of Apoptosis Autophagy and Necroptosis In Alpha-hmentioning

confidence: 99%

Programmed cell death: the battlefield between the host and alpha-herpesviruses and a potential avenue for cancer treatment

et al. 2018

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Programed cell death is an antiviral mechanism by which the host limits viral replication and protects uninfected cells. Many viruses encode proteins resistant to programed cell death to escape the host immune defenses, which indicates that programed cell death is more favorable for the host immune defense. Alpha-herpesviruses are pathogens that widely affect the health of humans and animals in different communities worldwide. Alpha-herpesviruses can induce apoptosis, autophagy and necroptosis through different molecular mechanisms. This review concisely illustrates the different pathways of apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis induced by alpha-herpesviruses. These pathways influence viral infection and replication and are a potential avenue for cancer treatment. This review will increase our understanding of the role of programed cell death in the host immune defense and provides new possibilities for cancer treatment.

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“…We also observed an autophagy induction during infection of primary murine neurons with both Jan-E and Rac-H strains of EHV-1. However, chloroquine (autophagy inhibitor) did not affect the level of replication of the virus, quantified with real-time PCR method (Cymerys et al 2014 ). These results led us to further studies on kinetics of EHV-1 replication during long-term neuronal infection and to examine the effects of the neuronal passage on EHV-1 neurovirulence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of long-term equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) infection on primary murine neurons—the possible effects of the multiple passages of EHV-1 on its neurovirulence

et al. 2017

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Equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1), like other members of the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily, is a neurotropic virus causing latent infections in the nervous system of the natural host. In the present study, we have investigated EHV-1 replication (wild-type Jan-E strain and Rac-H laboratory strain) during long-term infection and during the passages of the virus in cultured neurons. The studies were performed on primary murine neurons, which are an excellent in vitro model for studying neurotropism and neurovirulence of EHV-1. Using real-time cell growth analysis, we have demonstrated for the first time that primary murine neurons are able to survive long-term EHV-1 infection. Positive results of real-time PCR test indicated a high level of virus DNA in cultured neurons, and during long-term infection, these neurons were still able to transmit the virus to the other cells. We also compared the neurovirulence of Rac-H and Jan-E EHV-1 strains after multiple passages of these strains in neuron cell culture. The results showed that multiple passages of EHV-1 in neurons lead to the inhibition of viral replication as early as in the third passage. Interestingly, the inhibition of the EHV-1 replication occurred exclusively in neurons, because the equine dermal (ED) cells co-cultivated with neuroculture medium from the third passage showed the presence of large amount of viral DNA. In conclusion, our results showed that certain balance between EHV-1 and neurons has been established during in vitro infection allowing neurons to survive long-term infection.

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Autophagy in cultured murine neurons infected with equid herpesvirus 1

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

The Multi-Faceted Role of Autophagy During Animal Virus Infection

The Multi-Faceted Role of Autophagy During Animal Virus Infection

Programmed cell death: the battlefield between the host and alpha-herpesviruses and a potential avenue for cancer treatment

Influence of long-term equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) infection on primary murine neurons—the possible effects of the multiple passages of EHV-1 on its neurovirulence

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