Autonomous Instrumentation for Measuring Spontaneous Electromagnetic Emissions in Mining

Maniak, Krzysztof; Mydlikowski, R.

doi:10.26636/jtit.2020.145320

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In terms of construction, these blocks have an identical structure for the electric and magnetic components. These systems have been structurally modified in relation to the previously used solution [56]. A simplified schematic diagram of the modified device is shown in Figure 5.…”

Section: Em Field Signal Sensor and Signal Conditioning Circuit Blockmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Autonomous Instrumentation for Measuring Electromagnetic Radiation from Rocks in Mine Conditions—A Functional Analysis

Maniak

Mydlikowski

2022

Sensors

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This paper analyses the function of an innovative integrated receiver for the measurement of electromagnetic field emissions. The autonomous receiver measures and registers the elevated emission levels of both components of the EM field originating from rocks subjected to increased mechanical stress. The receiver’s sensitivity of 60 µV/m, its dynamic range of 98 dB, and its impulse response of 0.23 V/µs were determined in laboratory conditions. Real EM field signals from hard coal samples subjected to crushing force were recorded using an autonomous receiver. The observed and recorded results confirm that the receiver operates in the full range of amplitudes of the EM field signal emitted from the rock. The results determine the band of characteristic signals for EM field emission from hard coal. The system created on the basis of autonomous EM receivers can support the existing seismic safety systems in real mine conditions by predicting the possibility of mine collapse hazards.

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Section: Em Field Signal Sensor and Signal Conditioning Circuit Blockmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A simplified schematic diagram of the modified device is shown in Figure 5. in relation to the previously used solution [56]. A simplified schematic diagram of the modified device is shown in Figure 5.…”

Section: Em Field Signal Sensor and Signal Conditioning Circuit Blockmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomous Instrumentation for Measuring Electromagnetic Radiation from Rocks in Mine Conditions—A Functional Analysis

Maniak

Mydlikowski

2022

Sensors

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“…Several authors from various scientific fields, including geology, geophysics, and electrical engineering, have explored the issue of electromagnetic emissions on slopes affected by landslides (Mastow et al, 1989a;Mastow et al, 1989b;Kharkhalis, 1995;Vybíral, 2002;Blaha and Duras, 2004;Fabo et al, 2004;Jaroševič and Kundracík, 2004;Koktavý and Šikula, 2004;Maniak, 2015;Maniak and Mydlikowski, 2023). The generation of electromagnetic emissions in the geological environment had been studied for decades by both domestic and foreign scientists from various geoscience areas (Hanson and Rowell, 1980;Gershenzon and Bambakidis, 2001;Koktavý and Šikula, 2004;Rabinovitch et al, 2000;Takeuchi and Nagahama, 2006;Hayakawa, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of anomalies in the VLF spectrum of the natural electromagnetic field with data from the seismometer in a landslide-affected area

HOFFMAN,

KOČI

2024

Contrib. Geophys. Geod.

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The data from a permanent monitoring station, based on a sound card as an AD/DA converter and a magnetic loop antenna for continuous recording of electromagnetic field intensities in the Very Low Frequency (VLF) range, were recorded and compared with data from a seismic station based on Raspberry Pi located in a landslide-affected area. The stations operated 24/7 and were placed in a room below ground level. Correlations were observed between seismic signals in the frequency spectrum from 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz (some extending beyond 20 Hz) and anomalies in the electromagnetic field in the VLF range. These anomalies are likely associated with micro-fracturing, piezo-electromagnetic, and triboelectric phenomena within the landslide body, producing relatively weak VLF emissions and a faint seismic signal. A single-component 4.5 Hz 395 Ohm vertical Racotech RGI-20DX geophone with electronic extension to lower frequencies (< 1 Hz) was used with a sampling rate of 100 sps (samples per second). VLF emissions cover almost the entire spectrum from 6 kHz with a peak at 14 kHz to 18 kHz. The received spectrum was divided into following sections: VLF band 4 kHz – 6 kHz; 6 kHz – 8 kHz; 8 kHz – 10 kHz; 10 kHz – 12 kHz; 12 kHz – 14 kHz; 14 kHz – 16 kHz; 16 kHz – 18 kHz. Simultaneously, there were changes in these sections analysed and compared with the seismic record within the same time interval.

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“…. (151)(152)(153)(154)(155)(156)(157)(158)(159)(160)(161)(162)(163)(164)(165)(166) 2013) (triboelectric effect of particles carried by wind due to rubbing against each other and the surface), sun (solar wind effects in the upper layers of the atmosphere), earthquakes (Hanson and Rowell, 1980;Gershenzon and Bambakidis, 2001;Hayakawa, 2015, Rabinovitch et al, 2000 and landslides (Maniak, 2015;Kharkhalis, 1995;Koktavý and Šikula, 2004). The second basic type is the artificial (anthropogenic) EM field due to human activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary catalogue of natural and anthropogenic VLF radio spectral patterns

HOFFMAN

2023

Contrib. Geophys. Geod.

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Radio signals originating from natural and artificial (anthropogenic) sources were captured by our stationary and mobile monitoring very low frequency (VLF) radio stations. These signals were classified and divided into groups according to their source. Capturing of natural origin signals and their spectral patterns together with the time of their origin seem to confirm our assumption about the correlation between deformations in the slope and electromagnetic (EM) anomalies in the radio spectrum after further analysis. We conclude that since we always observe them a few days to hours after heavy rainfall and they are not observed at both stations at the same time, it confirms that they represent local phenomena not caused by atmospheric or ionospheric processes or events but deformation in landslide body microfracturation and microdisplacements via piezo-electromagnetic effect. Also, at the time after capture, it is possible to observe changes in the terrain in the form of new cracks of a sub-meter size. The EM field around the VLF band, DC – 30 kHz (up to 24 kHz in our measurement) was recorded using sound cards that served as an AD/DA converter. The VLF monitoring station and mobile measurements were located on the landslide slopes.

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Autonomous Instrumentation for Measuring Spontaneous Electromagnetic Emissions in Mining

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Autonomous Instrumentation for Measuring Electromagnetic Radiation from Rocks in Mine Conditions—A Functional Analysis

Autonomous Instrumentation for Measuring Electromagnetic Radiation from Rocks in Mine Conditions—A Functional Analysis

Comparison of anomalies in the VLF spectrum of the natural electromagnetic field with data from the seismometer in a landslide-affected area

Preliminary catalogue of natural and anthropogenic VLF radio spectral patterns

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