Autonomic vasomotor controls in hepatic blood flow

Ackroyd, Frederick W.; Mito, Michio; McDermott, William V.

doi:10.1016/0002-9610(66)90203-0

Cited by 23 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…However, in rats subjected to portacaval transposition in order to increase the liver blood flow, tritiated thymidine was incorporated into liver DNA much as it was in the control rats2. Section of sympathetic nerves which result in increased blood flow in the liver 22 did not affect liver regeneration (Table 1). In examination of acute changes, section of the hepatic branch of the splanchnic or vagus nerve was noted not to change the blood flow in the hepatic artery or the portal vein.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Hepatic Branch Vagotomy Can Suppress Liver Regeneration in Partially Hepatectomized Rats

et al. 1992

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The role of the vagus nerve in liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy was studied by comparing the effects of hepatic branch vagotomy with those of hepatic branch sympathectomy in rats. The liver weight as a percentage of body weight decreased significantly 7 days after vagotomy compared with the controls and this was associated with a reduction in food intake. There was no difference in the liver weights between the control rats and the pair-fed vagotomized rats. Hepatic sympathectomy had no significant effect on the liver weight. The serum scores indicating hepatic function showed no difference between the control and the vagotomized rats except alkaline phosphatase. The concentration of insulin was unchanged. The number of mitotic hepatocytes remained high at 7 days after vagotomy: These observations led us to conclude that the vagus nerve stimulates liver regeneration, and its effect depends on vagal factors directly and specifically.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Hepatic Branch Vagotomy Can Suppress Liver Regeneration in Partially Hepatectomized Rats

et al. 1992

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“…This increase is in compensation for the decrease in portal venous flow due to the diminished contributions of its splenic and gastrointestinal tract components (20)(21)(22). Total liver blood flow decreases, however, as the increase in hepatic arterial blood flow is insufficient to totally compensate for the reduction in portal venous blood flow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redistribution of Regional Blood Flow and Oxygen Delivery in Experimental Cyanotic Heart Disease in Newborn Lambs

et al. 1987

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ABSTRACT. Redistribution of regional blood flow is an important compensatory response to acute hypoxemia which preserves oxygen delivery to the most vital organs. It is not known if this change in blood flow persists when hypoxemia is prolonged, as occurs in cyanotic congenital heart disease. Chronic hypoxemia was produced in newborn lambs by creating pulmonary stenosis and an atrial septal defect. Oxygen saturation was maintained at 60-70% of control for 2 wk. Distribution of cardiac output was then measured with radionuclide-labeled microspheres. As compared with control, chronic hypoxemia did not alter total cardiac output. Regional blood flow was redistributed, however, the pattern of this redistribution 'was different from that seen during acute hypoxemia. Myocardial and cerebral blood flows, which increase during acute hypoxemia, return to control levels during chronic hypoxemia. Renal, splenic, gastrointestinal, carcass, and skin blood flows remain decreased. Hemoglobin gradually increases so that after 2 wk of hypoxemia total systemic oxygen delivery returns toward control. However, oxygen delivery to all organs except the heart and brain is reduced. Thus, although cardiac output and total systemic oxygen delivery return toward normal during chronic hypoxemia, these measurements may not reflect important regional variations in blood flow and oxygen delivery. Decreased oxygen and substrate delivery to the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and carcass may account for the alterations of metabolism and growth seen in the newborn with cyanotic congenital heart disease. (Pediatr Res 22: 389-393, 1987) When arterial oxygen content is acutely decreased, several compensations occur to maintain adequate tissue oxygen delivery. Two of these compensations are an increase in cardiac output and an increase in oxygen extraction in several vascular beds. However, because the increase in cardiac output may be insufficient to maintain normal systemic oxygen delivery, blood flow is redistributed to the most vital and most metabolically active organs (I, 2). During acute hypoxemia, blood flow increases to the myocardium and brain and decreases to the kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, and skin (3, 4). During chronic hypoxemia, such Received December 11, 1986; accepted May 5, 1987 3Eas occurs in newborns with cyanotic congenital heart disease, additional compensatory mechanisms are invoked. These hemodynamic, hematologic, respiratory, hormonal, and neural adjustments either increase systemic oxygen delivery or reduce oxygen demands.In a previous study of newborn lambs with experimentally produced cyanotic heart disease, we demonstrated that the major compensations to chronic hypoxemia are a decrease in growth and an increase in hemoglobin concentration (5). The decrease in growth may reduce systemic oxygen utilization (3, 5). The increase in hemoglobin increases the blood oxygen-carrying capacity and returns systemic oxygen content to normal. Systemic oxygen delivery can thus be maintained without a chronic increase in cardia...

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“…Maintenance of normal hepatic function is reported to be largely flow dependent [3, 171. Partial or total portal diversion results hemodynami'cally in an incomplete compensatory increase in hepatic arterial flow [18,193, presumably by decreasing terminal hepatic arteriolar (or sinusoidal) transmural pressure [20]. However, the net result is a reduction in overall hepatic blood flow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pancreatico-portal dissociation: A canine model to evaluate the hepatic maintenance effects of partial portal flow diversion and pancreatic hormone deprivation

Eckhauser

Knol

Arneson

et al. 1979

Journal of Surgical Research

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Autonomic vasomotor controls in hepatic blood flow

Cited by 23 publications

References 7 publications

Hepatic Branch Vagotomy Can Suppress Liver Regeneration in Partially Hepatectomized Rats

Hepatic Branch Vagotomy Can Suppress Liver Regeneration in Partially Hepatectomized Rats

Redistribution of Regional Blood Flow and Oxygen Delivery in Experimental Cyanotic Heart Disease in Newborn Lambs

Pancreatico-portal dissociation: A canine model to evaluate the hepatic maintenance effects of partial portal flow diversion and pancreatic hormone deprivation

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