Autonomic Stability and Transcendental Meditation

Orme-Johnson, David W.

doi:10.1097/00006842-197307000-00008

Cited by 167 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…There is evidence to suggest that individuals who are manifestly anxious are more autonomically labile as measured by how quickly they habituate to a recurrent stressful stimulus (Katkin, 1965;Orme-Johnson, 1973). We postulated that those suffering from PTSD could have a high anxiety level and could therefore be autonomically labile.…”

Section: Dependent Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcendental Meditation in the Treatment of Post‐Vietnam Adjustment

Brooks

Scarano

1985

Jour of Counseling & Develop

110

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Section: Dependent Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcendental Meditation in the Treatment of Post‐Vietnam Adjustment

Brooks

Scarano

1985

Jour of Counseling & Develop

110

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“…2 In fact most of the studies on TM reported changes suggestive of increased autonomic stability and sympathetic withdrawal. 4 In addition, Dillbeck and Orme-Johnson, 5 carried out a meta-analysis of 31 studies evaluating the effect of meditation on reducing somatic arousal. The studies showed reduced somatic arousal with some physiological changes suggestive of increased alertness.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Autonomic Variables Following Two Meditative States Described in Yoga Texts

Telles

Raghavendra

Naveen

et al. 2013

The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine

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Objectives: In ancient yoga texts there are two meditative states described. One is dharana, which requires focusing, the second is dhyana, during which there is no focusing, but an expansive mental state is reached. While an earlier study did show improved performance in an attention task after dharana, the autonomic changes during these two states have not been studied. Methods: Autonomic and respiratory variables were assessed in 30 healthy male volunteers (group mean age -SD, 29.1 -5.1 years) during four mental states described in traditional yoga texts. These four mental states are random thinking (cancalata), nonmeditative focusing (ekagrata), meditative focusing (dharana), and effortless meditation (dhyana). Assessments were made before (5 minutes), during (20 minutes), and after (5 minutes), each of the four states, on four separate days. Results: During dhyana there was a significant increase in the skin resistance level ( p < 0.001; post hoc analysis following ANOVA, during compared to pre) and photo-plethysmogram amplitude ( p < 0.05), whereas there was a significant decrease in the heart rate ( p < 0.001) and breath rate ( p < 0.001). There was a significant decrease in the low frequency (LF) power ( p < 0.001) and increase in the high frequency (HF) power ( p < 0.001) in the frequency domain analysis of the heart rate variability (HRV) spectrum, on which HF power is associated with parasympathetic activity. There was also a significant increase in the NN50 count (the number of interval differences of successive NN intervals greater than 50 ms; p < 0.001) and the pNN50 (the proportion derived by dividing NN50 by the total number of NN intervals; p < 0.001) in time domain analysis of HRV, both indicative of parasympathetic activity. Conclusions: Maximum changes were seen in autonomic variables and breath rate during the state of effortless meditation (dhyana). The changes were all suggestive of reduced sympathetic activity and/or increased vagal modulation. During dharana there was an increase in skin resistance. The changes in HRV during ekagrata and cancalata were inconclusive.

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“…The term reflects a combination of markedly decreased metabolism, heart rate, respiration rate, and blood flow to the limbs, similar to deep rest or sleep; while at the same time mental alertness is maintained, as demonstrated by EEG [25], [26], [27]. The TM technique produces a significantly greater degree of deep rest than sitting with eyes closed, measured by reduced respiration , reduced skin conductance (increased skin resistance), reduced plasma lactate [25], more rapid recovery from stressful stimulus, and leads to a reversal of symptomatology associated with severe and chronic stress [28].…”

Section: The Transcendental Meditation Techniquementioning

confidence: 92%

Is ADHD a Stress-Related Disorder? Why Meditation Can Help

Grosswald¹

2013

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Adolescents

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Autonomic Stability and Transcendental Meditation

Cited by 167 publications

References 21 publications

Transcendental Meditation in the Treatment of Post‐Vietnam Adjustment

Transcendental Meditation in the Treatment of Post‐Vietnam Adjustment

Changes in Autonomic Variables Following Two Meditative States Described in Yoga Texts

Is ADHD a Stress-Related Disorder? Why Meditation Can Help

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