Autonomic Control of Thyroid Secretion

Friedgood, Harry B.; Cannon, W. B.

doi:10.1210/endo-26-1-142

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…This was considered clear evidence of the stimulating activity of these fibers. However, Friedgood and Cannon in 1940 (21) were able to show that the thyroid stimulation in earlier experiments was routed through the anterior pituitary. The existence of excitatory fibers to the thyroid has been claimed by some (1,6,40) and denied by others (54, 39,28,42).…”

Section: Physiologymentioning

confidence: 97%

A Psychosomatic Theory of Thyrotoxicosis

Ham

Alexander

Carmichael

1951

Psychosomatic Medicine

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X jrUCH accumulated knowledge exists concern-J -V J . » n g the pathophysiology and histology of Graves' disease, and the presence and precipitating role of psychologic factors are well established. The ultimate etiology and, in particular, the nature of the psychologic influences are still unknown.The emotional concomitants of thyrotoxicosis are discussed in detail in the clinical literature, and there are a large number of well-documented observations on the precipitation of the thyrotoxic state by emotional trauma: a phenomenon expressed most succinctly by the term "shock Basedow." Only a few investigators, including Nolan Lewis (33), Agnes Conrad (11), Brown and Gildea (8), Lidz and Whitehorn (34, 35) have studied patients from a psychodynamic point of view. These workers have demonstrated the presence of certain personality features in this disease. Our study consisted of the analysis of material from anamnestic interviews of 23 patients and multiple psychoanalytic interviews of one patient.Our first aim was to determine the psychodynamic constellations in which the characteristic psychologic factors appear. As a result of these studies, it has been possible to propose a psychologic gestalt which includes both our own results and the physiologic and psychologic findings of previous observers. This presents a comprehensive picture which throws light on the development of the disease, upon spontaneous remissions as well as the response to treatment. We propose to demonstrate that the disease symptoms can be understood as the organism's responses to the early experiences of development which are characteristic for these patients. In this response the thyroid gland is only one effector link in a chain of physiologic events. More specifically, the physiologic response can be well understood

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Section: Physiologymentioning

confidence: 97%

A Psychosomatic Theory of Thyrotoxicosis

Ham

Alexander

Carmichael

1951

Psychosomatic Medicine

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“…• A modulatory function of thyroid innervation on thyroid endocrine role has long been suspected (53). Auto nomic nerves arriving at the thyroid gland make contact not only with tissue vasculature but also with the endocrine cells, thus providing the anatomical basis for a peripheral neuroendocrine relationship (54,55) (Fig.…”

Section: Autonomic Innervation Of Thyroid Gland Acinimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cholinergic fibers enter the thyroid and innervate both the blood vessels and the follicular cells (55). Therefore, the existence of a cholinergic control of thyroid activity has long been envisioned (53). Several studies have indicated that cholinergic agonists impair both basal and TSH-induced thyroid hormone release, suggesting an inhibitory influence of thyroid parasympathetic nerves (54).…”

Section: • Effect Of Parasympathetic Innervationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroimmunoendocrinology of the cervical autonomic nervous system

Cardinali

Esquifino

1998

Biomedical Reviews

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“…These projections were postulated to be physiologically significant many years ago [3,4], conclusive evidence in this respect being obtained only for pineal SCG projections. It is commonly accepted that the diurnal rhythmicity in plasma melatonin concentration found in mammals is driven by the sympathetic input derived form SCG [5,6], By employing as a paradigm the changes in hormone secre tion occurring during the wallerian degeneration phase that fol lows superior cervical ganglionectomy, an inhibitory influence of SCG neurons via norepinephrine activity and median emi nence a-adrenoceptors was uncovered for the control of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) release [7][8][9], The most feasible lo cation for these ganglionic neurons is the rostral portion of the SCG, projecting to the median eminence through the internal Received: October 16, 1990 Accepted after revision: March 26, 1991 carotid nerve [10,11).…”

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confidence: 99%

In vitro Effect of Thyroxine on Cholinergic Neurotransmission in Rat Sympathetic Superior Cervical Ganglion

Landa¹,

Burgos²,

Cardinali³

1991

Neuroendocrinology

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This study aimed at examining the effect of thyroid hormones on cholinergic transmission in isolated rat superior cervical ganglia (SCG). In SCG explants incubated with ³H-choline, thyroxine (T4) and 3,3’,5-triiodothyronine (T3) added to the medium before a second depolarization stimulus of 60 mM K⁺ resulted in a dose-dependent increase of S2/S1 ratio for ³H release. The concentration of hormone that produced 50% of maximal increase in K⁺-induced radioactivity release was 8 × 10^–9 M for T4 and 1.6 × 10^–8M for T3 while 3,3’,5,5’-tetraiodothyroacetic acid was almost ineffective. Preincubation of SCG with 10^–7M iopanoic acid for 30 min before S2, although not affecting by itself S2/S1 ratio, effectively prevented the increase given by T4 or T3. ³H-acetylcholine release by SCG was augmented in a high K⁺ and the effect was amplified by T4 to a similar extent as that for total ³H release. When added to the incubation medium together with 60 mM K⁺ for 30 min, T4 (10^–7M) increased significantly the activity of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT). T4 did not affect ChAT activity in SCG exposed to 4.7 mM K⁺, nor in SCG homogenates. ³H-choline uptake measured immediately after exposure of SCG to 60 mM K⁺ decreased by 25%, whereas it increased by 71% after a subsequent 30-min incubation with 4.7 mM K⁺. Addition of 10^–7M T4 prevented the changes in choline uptake observed in a high K⁺ medium. These results indicate that T4 increases SCG cholinergic transmission.

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Autonomic Control of Thyroid Secretion

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

A Psychosomatic Theory of Thyrotoxicosis

A Psychosomatic Theory of Thyrotoxicosis

Neuroimmunoendocrinology of the cervical autonomic nervous system

In vitro Effect of Thyroxine on Cholinergic Neurotransmission in Rat Sympathetic Superior Cervical Ganglion

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