Autonomic and neuroendocrine responses to stress in patients with functional hypothalamic secondary amenorrhea

Gallinelli, Andrea; Matteo, Maria Lucia; Volpe, Annibale; Facchinetti, Fabio

doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00601-9

Cited by 55 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…When challenged by acute laboratory mental stressors, these women responded with significantly greater sympathetic nervous system arousals, including an increase in cortisol, compared with women without polycystic ovary syndrome [42,43]. These studies appear to support the observation that women with excessive visceral fat exhibit maladaptive physiological reactions to stress compared with thinner women.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Waist Circumference Moderates the Association Between Marital Stress and C-reactive Protein in Middle-Aged Healthy Women

et al. 2010

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The relationships among stress, obesity, and inflammation in women remain unclear. This study examined the relationships among marital stress, waist circumference, and C-reactive protein (CRP) in 201 healthy women from the Stockholm Female Coronary Risk Study. We tested whether marital stress was associated with CRP and whether this association was moderated by waist circumference. Hierarchical multiple regression revealed that after adjusting for age, occupation status, fasting glucose, apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B, blood pressure, smoking, and menopausal status, marital stress was not directly associated with CRP. However, waist circumference significantly moderated the association between marital stress and CRP (p = 0.012) such that marital stress was significantly associated with higher CRP among women with larger waist circumferences but not in those with smaller waists. More obese women may be particularly vulnerable to the effects of marital stress by manifesting higher inflammation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Waist Circumference Moderates the Association Between Marital Stress and C-reactive Protein in Middle-Aged Healthy Women

et al. 2010

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“…Lastly, 50% of the adolescents in this study described family conflict (12). Patients with FHA have also been shown to cope less well with stress, including their autonomic responses, compared to those with PCOS and eumenorrheic controls (31).…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 71%

Where Have the Periods Gone? The Evaluation and Management of Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea

Gibson¹,

Fleming²,

Zuijdwijk³

et al. 2020

Jcrpe

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Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) is a common cause of amenorrhea in adolescent girls. It is often seen in the setting of stress, weight loss, or excessive exercise. FHA is a diagnosis of exclusion. Patients with primary or secondary amenorrhea should be evaluated for other causes of amenorrhea before a diagnosis of FHA can be made. The evaluation typically consists of a thorough history and physical examination as well as endocrinological and radiological investigations. FHA, if prolonged, can have significant impacts on metabolic, bone, cardiovascular, mental, and reproductive health. Management often involves a multidisciplinary approach, with a focus on lifestyle modification. Depending on the severity, pharmacologic therapy may also be considered. The aim of this paper is to present a review on the pathophysiology, clinical findings, diagnosis, and management approaches of FHA in adolescent girls. Abstract 18

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“…Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea is a relatively frequent disease after severe dieting, heavy physical training, or intense emotional events, all situations that can induce amenorrhea with or without body weight loss (1,23,24). Psychological stressors have been recorded in some cases as a heavily negative event, and many patients show affective disorders (neuroticism, somatization, anxiety).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Psychological stressors have been recorded in some cases as a heavily negative event, and many patients show affective disorders (neuroticism, somatization, anxiety). All these situations lead to or amplify the disruption of the hypothalamus-pituitary activity controlling ovarian function (1,7,(23)(24)(25). In the last decade, various therapeutic strategies have been proposed to recover the reproductive function of patients affected by FHA who are trying to avoid the use of oral contraceptives, such as naltrexone chlorohydrate, an opioid receptor antagonist (26)(27)(28), cyproheptadine, a serotonin receptor antagonist, (29) or acetyl-L-carnitine (30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estriol administration modulates luteinizing hormone secretion in women with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea

Genazzani

Męczekalski

Podfigurna-Stopa

et al. 2012

Fertility and Sterility

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Autonomic and neuroendocrine responses to stress in patients with functional hypothalamic secondary amenorrhea

Cited by 55 publications

References 18 publications

Waist Circumference Moderates the Association Between Marital Stress and C-reactive Protein in Middle-Aged Healthy Women

Waist Circumference Moderates the Association Between Marital Stress and C-reactive Protein in Middle-Aged Healthy Women

Where Have the Periods Gone? The Evaluation and Management of Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea

Estriol administration modulates luteinizing hormone secretion in women with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea

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