Automotive sustainable diesel blendstock production through biocrude obtained from hydrothermal liquefaction of municipal solid waste

Kohansal, Komeil; Sanchez, Eliana Maria Lozano; Khare, Shivang; Bjørgen, Karl Oskar Pires; Haider, Muhammad Salman; Castello, Daniele; Løvås, Terese; Rosendahl, Lasse; Pedersen, Thomas Helmer

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2023.128770

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The GC-MS of the product (plot B Figure 5) confirms the conversion of this type of compound to the corresponding heptadecane (C 17 H 36 ) and octadecane (C 18 H 38 ) hydrocarbons. Furthermore, the formation of pentadecane (C 15 H 32 ) and hexadecane (C 16 H 34 ) is also observed, in accordance with the results of Kohansal et al [46], who found that the hydrotreatment of biocrude has led to the formation of alkanes such as hexadecanes and octadecanes, revealing the effective hydrodeoxygenation and/or decarboxylation of the biocrude. Similar results were also reported by Yang et al [18], who found that the most abundant alkanes after hydrotreatment were hexadecane and octadecane.…”

Section: Gc-ms Chromatograph Analysissupporting

confidence: 88%

Hydrothermal Liquefaction Biocrude Stabilization via Hydrotreatment

Dimitriadis,

Bezergianni

2024

Energies

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The main objective of the manuscript is to investigate mild hydrotreatment upgrading of hydrothermal liquefaction biocrude to improve its stability and energy content. To that end, biocrude hydrotreatment was performed, exploring three different operating windows in order to examine the effect of reaction temperature and hydrogen supply on deoxygenation reactions. A typical NiMo/Al2O3 hydrotreating catalyst was utilized while the experiments were performed in a continuous-flow TRL 3 hydrotreatment plant. The results show that the resulting product has a higher carbon content as compared to the raw feed. The oxygenated compounds were removed, leading to a product with almost zero oxygen and water content, with high energy density. The reaction pathways during the hydrotreatment upgrading of biocrude were investigated via GC-MS analysis and presented in detail in the manuscript. In general, the hydrotreating process was able to improve the quality of the initial biocrude, allowing easier handling and storing for further upgrading, or to be used as an intermediate refinery stream.

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Section: Gc-ms Chromatograph Analysissupporting

confidence: 88%

Hydrothermal Liquefaction Biocrude Stabilization via Hydrotreatment

Dimitriadis,

Bezergianni

2024

Energies

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“…To obtain miscible HTL-based diesel blendstocks, two downstream process value chains were designed and the impact of each on the miscibility, physicochemical, and compositional properties of the fuels was thoroughly evaluated. The extensive elaboration and the results can be found in our previous study [23]. In brief, Scenario 1 (#Sc1) employed a vacuum distillation to fractionate the raw bio-crude (BC), whereas, in Scenario 2 (#Sc2), BC first underwent a partial hydrotreating stage (to obtain hydrotreated bio-crude (HTBC)) and the acquired fuel precursor was subjected to the vacuum distillation unit.…”

Section: Fuel Production and Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous study [23], a comprehensive elaboration on the topic is given. Here, a summarized overview is presented.…”

Section: Fuel Selection and Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Renewable Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) Biofuel: A Combustion and Emissions Study in an Optical Engine

Khare,

Bjørgen,

Kohansal

et al. 2023

Energies

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This study involves the investigation of municipal solid waste (MSW) based biofuel in order to demonstrate its utilization as a diesel blendstock in a compression ignition (CI) engine. The biofuel was produced from the Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) process. The tested biofuels represented both distilled (known as nonupgraded HTL biofuel) and hydrotreated (known as upgraded HTL biofuel) fuels, obtained from raw bio-crude. The effects of the HTL biofuel and diesel blending on the combustion and emission characteristics were investigated. A comparative study of nonupgraded and upgraded HTL biofuel in terms of combustion and emissions was conducted. The upgraded HTL biofuel was blended with reference diesel (RD) by 5%, 10%, and 40% by weight, respectively, and the nonupgraded HTL biofuel was blended with RD by 10% by weight. The experiments were conducted in an optically accessible compression ignition chamber (OACIC) with engine-like thermodynamic conditions. The parameters were recorded at a constant speed and at fixed thermodynamic conditions. The heat release rate (HRR), in-cylinder pressure, ignition delay (ID), flame lift-off length (FLOL), and in-flame soot were measured. The PM, CO, NOx, and CO2 were also recorded. In summary, the HTL blends exhibited a close resemblance to the reference diesel across a range of combustion parameters and regulated emissions. Furthermore, the upgraded HTL blends outperformed the nonupgraded blend in terms of both combustion characteristics and emissions.

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“…The algal HTL bio‐oil has high oxygen (∼5–20 wt.%) and nitrogen content (∼2–9 wt.%), as well as sulfur (∼0–1 wt.%) and metals [9–12] . Therefore, an upgrade is required to convert the HTL bio‐oil into drop‐in fuels to be compatible with traditional engines [13] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Hydrotreatment of Algal HTL Bio‐Oil over Phosphide, Nitride, and Sulfide Catalysts

et al. 2023

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Global energy demand and environmental concerns about limiting CO 2 emissions have been growing recently. This is why fuel production from renewable resources has become a priority. In this context, microalgae represent an attractive alternative carbon source. In this work, different supported catalysts, including metal phosphide, nitride, and sulfide, were tested for the hydroconversion of bio-oil issued from the hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae. Supported Ni phosphide catalysts promoted the decarboxylation and decar-bonylation route, while NiMo nitride promoted the hydrodeoxygenation pathway. NiW sulfide catalysts were the most performant, producing a hydrotreated oil with the best higher heating value (HHV), lower aromaticity degree, and lower average molar mass. Among sulfide catalysts, NiWS/SiO 2 À Al 2 O 3 was the least active, probably due to the inhibition of acid sites by the nitrogen compounds. However, NiWS/Al 2 O 3 performed better, showing high hydrogenation performances, which contributed to the conversion of refractory compounds.

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Automotive sustainable diesel blendstock production through biocrude obtained from hydrothermal liquefaction of municipal solid waste

Cited by 8 publications

References 37 publications

Hydrothermal Liquefaction Biocrude Stabilization via Hydrotreatment

Hydrothermal Liquefaction Biocrude Stabilization via Hydrotreatment

New Renewable Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) Biofuel: A Combustion and Emissions Study in an Optical Engine

Catalytic Hydrotreatment of Algal HTL Bio‐Oil over Phosphide, Nitride, and Sulfide Catalysts

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