Automotive Exhaust Gas Analysis by Gas-Liquid Chromatography Using Flame Ionization Detection. Determination of C₁ to C₆ Hydrocarbons

Quantification of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and o-xylene in internal combustion engine exhaust with time-weighted average solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry

“…A number of methods have been developed for determination of VOCs concentrations in exhaust gases. The most popular are gas chromatographic methods with different types of sample preparation (dynamic sampling via pumping exhaust through tubes with different types of sorbents [9]), direct sampling with a syringe injection [10], whole air sampling with Tedlar bags [11] and evacuated canisters [12,13], and solid phase microextraction (SPME) (with exposed fiber) [14]) and detection with mass spectrometric (MS) [15], flame-ionization (FID) [16], infrared [17] methods. These methods often require specialized equipment and interface (e.g., to extract and clean evacuated canisters; pumps, sorbent tubes and thermal desorption) that is cost-prohibitive to many potential users to maintain and to work with.…”

Methane in Air Quality and Automobile Exhaust Emission Standards

“…Gas chromatographs were used in conjunction with infrared detectors, 29 and finally, with the advent of flame ionization detectors, gas chromatographic flame ionization analysis of automobile exhaust became possible. 30 As pointed out before, the response of the flame ionization detector to one carbon atom from methane is almost the same as the response received from one carbon atom from hexane.…”

Gas Chromatographic Determination of C2-C10 Products from the Gamma Irradiation of Liquid Cyclopentane.

“…No rigorous attempt was made to optimize all these conditions although a number of other columns, temperatures, and flow rates were tried. Those columns and conditions chosen were based on empirical separations of the expected irradiation products and literature reports (5,6).…”