Automized parametrization of PEM and alkaline water electrolyzer polarisation curves

Järvinen, Lauri; Puranen, Pietari; Kosonen, Antti; Ruuskanen, Vesa; Ahola, Jero; Kauranen, Pertti; Hehemann, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.07.085

Cited by 31 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…It should be noted that there is a gap between lab results and commercially available performance due to the time taken to deploy a technology at commercial scales, as shown in Figure . To reflect such a gap, the curves for commercially available performances were derived by shifting the curves of lab-scale results over time . Here we consider a ten-year gap between the lab scale targets and the commercially viable technology for current density and iridium loading and 5 years for platinum loading, which is based on the gap between current commercially available values and the predicted value from literature and also aligns with other studies .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Potential of Progressive and Disruptive Innovation-Driven Cost Reductions of Green Hydrogen Production

Daniel,

Xing,

Cai

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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Green hydrogen from water electrolysis is a key driver for energy and industrial decarbonization. The prediction of the future green hydrogen cost reduction is required for investment and policy-making purposes but is complicated due to a lack of data, incomplete accounting for costs, and difficulty justifying trend predictions. A new AI-assisted data-driven prediction model is developed for an in-depth analysis of the current and future levelized costs of green hydrogen, driven by both progressive and disruptive innovations. The model uses natural language processing to gather data and generate trends for the technological development of key aspects of electrolyzer technology. Through an uncertainty analysis, green hydrogen costs have been shown to likely reach the key target of <$2.5 kg–1 by 2030 via progressive innovations, and beyond this point, disruptive technological developments are required to affect significantly further decease cost. Additionally, the global distribution of green hydrogen costs has been calculated. This work creates a comprehensive analysis of the levelized cost of green hydrogen, including the important balance of plant components, both now and as electrolyzer technology develops, and offers a likely prediction for how the costs will develop over time.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The limiting current density, J lim (A m –2 ), represents the physical limitation of the reactant to reach the surface reaction sites, and hence, the theoretical maximum value the current density can reach. It is assumed from literature values to be high enough not to interfere with cell operation. − …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Progressive and Disruptive Innovation-Driven Cost Reductions of Green Hydrogen Production

Daniel,

Xing,

Cai

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Mechanistic models are more complex compared to the other two types of modeling since they use differential or algebraic equations to perform highly reliable simulations of the phenomena that occur in the electrolyzer. It is worth mentioning that the time to perform the simulations of the mechanistic models is considerable due to the extensive calculations [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Implementation of the Luenberger Observer for Estimating the Voltage Response of a PEM Electrolyzer During Supply Current Variations

Hernández-gómez,

Langarica-Cordoba,

Martinez-Rodriguez

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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Equivalent electrical circuits (ECM) have proven to be effective in modeling the dynamic behavior of proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer voltage response. They are a valuable tool for studying the interactions between power electronics and PEM electrolyzers during dynamic operating conditions. Generally, the ECM takes into consideration the activation over-voltage that is present at both the anode and the cathode for the dynamic part of the model. Therefore, the monitoring of the ECM activation over-voltage is an important issue for the correct modeling of the PEM electrolyzer voltage. However, voltage sensors for this over-voltage are expensive and the reported observers of the PEM electrolyzer activation overvoltage are scarce and have not been validated over a sufficiently long time. This work aims at overcoming these drawbacks by proposing the use of a Luenberger observer to accurately estimate the activation overvoltage using an ECM. Based on this proposal, it is possible to build a device capable of emulating the electrolyzer voltage efficiently. Furthermore, a stability analysis of the observable system is provided to ensure its performance throughout the experiment period. Statistical results, based on experimental voltage data from a PEM electrolyzer QL-300, demonstrate the high accuracy and performance of the Luenberger observer under continuous changes in input currents, which demonstrates its robustness.INDEX TERMS Electronic circuit model, Luenberger observer, PEM electrolyzer, Stability analysis, Voltage behavior.

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“…Sometimes only cell voltage and current density are used to determine parameters for describing a full polarization curve (e.g. 16,17 ). However, they lack the comparison to the parameters obtained by EIS and Tafel analysis and focus solely on reproducing the net cell voltage.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Interrupt Technique to Fully Characterize PEMWE Cells

Krenz,

Gottschalk,

Helmers

et al. 2024

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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It is common practice to characterize cells in polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Tafel analysis, which require special equipment and operation procedures. Additionally, these techniques are not suitable for large industrial size cells with very low impedances. We present a simpler approach based on a novel evaluation of the current interrupt (CI) technique. The CI technique utilizes the voltage response after an instantaneous drop of electric current to identify the ohmic resistance RΩ, charge transfer resistance Rct and double-layer capacity Cdl in a simplified equivalent circuit (EC) of the cell. A direct link to results of typical EIS and Tafel analysis can be defined by using the improved CI method which considers a non-linear activation resistance instead of a constant charge transfer resistance. Thereby, access to equivalent information as the established standard method is granted, while being applicable to all cell and stack sizes without requiring special equipment (e.g., impedance spectrometer). The agreement with experimental data is significantly improved over the assumption of a constant charge transfer coefficient. Consistency of the proposed interpretation with explicit EIS and Tafel analysis is demonstrated and options for industrial application of the evaluation scheme are discussed.

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Automized parametrization of PEM and alkaline water electrolyzer polarisation curves

Cited by 31 publications

References 46 publications

Potential of Progressive and Disruptive Innovation-Driven Cost Reductions of Green Hydrogen Production

Potential of Progressive and Disruptive Innovation-Driven Cost Reductions of Green Hydrogen Production

Design and Implementation of the Luenberger Observer for Estimating the Voltage Response of a PEM Electrolyzer During Supply Current Variations

Current Interrupt Technique to Fully Characterize PEMWE Cells

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